In boys precocious puberty is defined as the development of secondary sexual characters before 9 year of age. In girls, the development of breasts (thelarche) before 7.5 year, the development of pubic hairs (pubarche) before 8.5 year or menarche before the age of 9.5 year is considered precocious [1]. Hypothyroidism is usually associated with delayed puberty and rarely with precocious puberty [...

background :although transfusion is a common procedure for treating anemia of prematurity, there is no specific protocol for blood transfusion in premature newborns. so in this study we investigate whether application of a strict protocol has any statistically significant effect on reduction of blood transfusion.   methods : in this study, first group admitted in nicu during 2005 - 2006 and the...

crouzon syndrome is a rare genetic disorder inherited in autosomal dominant pattern with complete penetration and variable expressivity. its most notable characteristic feature is premature synostosis of cranial sutures the case presented is of a 4 yr old boy with box like head with microcephaly, protuberant eyes, hydrocephalus, low visual acquity diagnosed as a case of crouzon syndrome after c...

is it possible to discharge a 2-3 hours, 1134 g weight breast feeding newborn in 24 -36 hours from hospital?   yes, in materno pediatric hospital located in bogatto-clombia it is a routine. it is an approach to prevent high costs and nosocomial infections. it also used to establish a deep relationship based on natural and instinct process.   newborns who are in satisfactory clinical situations,...

kangaroo mother care (kmc) is effective care method that avoids aggressive routinely methods in neonatal wards. objective of this study was comparing kmc with conventional care (incubator) of premature infant in neonatal ward. this study was a randomized controlled clinical trial that has been done in 17 months. 40 premature neonates whose birth weight was less than 1500gr were enrolled in the ...

background: economic burden due to premature mortalities is significant both on health system and on the society as a whole. this study aimed to determine the productivity costs and years of potential life lost associated with five leading causes of death in iran from 2006 to 2010.   methods: data on mortality by sex and age-groups due to five main leading causes of death   (myocardial infarcti...

nec is inflammatory necrosis of intestine with most common site being terminal ileum and ascending colon in preterm babies (1). the condition is typically seen in premature infants, and the timing of its onset is generally inversely proportional to the gestational age of the baby at birth, i.e. the earlier a baby is born, longer is the time of risk for nec in premature babies. the incidence of ...

background: currently, the number of premature deliveries has been increasing, resulting in early postnatal discharge due to shortage of beds in the neonatal intensive care units (nicu). methods: this descriptive-analytical study was conducted through investigating the premature infants’ files for gestational age (ga), birth weight (bw) and duration of the first hospitalization. furthermore, th...

background  apnea is one of the most common problems in preterm neonates. this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of aromatherapy on the reduction of apnea, bradycardia, and pulse oximetry (spo2) in premature infants. materials and methods in a clinical trial study, 60 preterm neonates randomly divided in two groups and exposed to aromatherapy with rosa damascenes distillate or distilled...