In an on/off-keying atmospheric optical communication system, index of refraction turbulence and PAT (pointing, acquisition and tracking) instabilities create strong and very slow fading compared to the usually used high data-rates. With this channel behavior, forward error correction can only work effectively if the codeword-length is longer than the mean duration of fade. Therefore packet-lay...

Analysis of medication errors can lead to system improvement and reduced risk only if the errors are detected, reported, and used to design better patient-care practices and systems. Voluntary medication error reporting systems rely on the ability and willingness of individual physicians, pharmacists, and nurses to detect and report errors as part of their routine practice. Because of the centr...

We consider a setup in which the channel from Alice to Bob is less noisy than the channel from Eve to Bob. We show that there exist encoding and decoding which accomplish error correction and authentication simultaneously; that is, Bob is able to correctly decode a message coming from Alice and reject a message coming from Eve with high probability. The system does not require any secret key sh...

Sterile compounding in hospital, home care, and ambulatory care settings is undergoing changes. Barrier-isolation technology for the preparation of sterile compounding is becoming available. The regulatory influence of state boards of pharmacy and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on maintaining the sterility of parenteral products and that of the Occupational Safety and Healthy Administra...

One of the most promising physical properties for implementing quantum technology is light polarization. However, since light polarization is fragile, it is crucial to use quantum error correction (QEC) in order to make quantum information over optical networks feasible. This paper performs a statistical analysis of a redundant-free technique to correct errors on information sent through light ...