OBJECTIVE Direct medical cost of diabetes in the U.S. has been estimated to be 2.3 times higher relative to individuals without diabetes. This study examines trends in health care expenditures by expenditure category in U.S. adults with diabetes between 2002 and 2011. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed 10 years of data representing a weighted population of 189,013,514 U.S. adults aged ≥1...

Background and Aim: The health financing system is "the process of collecting, pooling and managing financial resources and purchasing healthcare services”. Iran's health financing system is facing challenges. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Iranian health financing system.         Materials and Methods: This descriptive study retrospectively evaluated the health financing system of...

Medicare expenditures per capita vary widely across different parts of the country. Average fee-for-service per capita expenditures in 1995/96 were $3,420 in Eugene, Oregon, $3,663 in Minneapolis, $7,847 in Miami, and $8,861 in McAllen, Texas. These measures are adjusted for differences across regions in the age, sex, and racial composition of the population, as well as differences in the under...

We use the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey to estimate the direct medical costs of diabetes. Separate estimates of the cost of diabetes are developed from an attributable risk procedure and a two-part regression model. Costs include expenditures to treat diabetes, chronic complications of the disease, and co-morbidities requiring additional health care resources because the person is diabetic....

The Korean national health security system covers the entire population and all medical facilities. We aimed to estimate epilepsy prevalence, anticonvulsant utilization pattern and the cost. We identified prevalent epilepsy patients by the prescription of anticonvulsants under the diagnostic codes suggesting seizure or epilepsy from 2007 Korean National Health Insurance databases. The informati...

AYUSH, an acronym for Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Sowa-Rigpa and Homeopathy represents the alternative systems of medicine recognized by the Government of India. Understanding the patterns of utilization of AYUSH care has been important for various reasons including an increased focus on its mainstreaming and integration with biomedicine-based health care system. Based on a n...

AIM To assess the distribution of out-of-pocket payments for health care in Croatia by income groups. METHODS The study is based on data from 1994 out-of-pocket health expenditure survey carried out through interviews of randomly selected adults in two major cities of Croatia, Zagreb and Split. We analyzed co-payments for public health care services and other payments related to private pract...

BACKGROUND Sustainability of cancer care is a crucial issue for health care systems worldwide, even more during a time of economic recession. Low-cost measures are highly desirable to contain and reduce expenditures without impairing the quality of care. In this paper we aim to demonstrate the efficacy of drug waste minimization in reducing drug-related costs and its importance as a structural ...

This study examined the effects of climate change on food expenditure in rural household of Iran. Food expenditure is investigated as a function of average income of rural households, retail food price index and food expenditure for rural households, agricultural sown area and climate change. Here, the Stata11 software is used and data are from 26 provinces of the country for 10 years. Precipit...

considerable consequence of households’ consumption expenditure changes is on energy using in agricultural sector and in other economical sectors. the main objective of this paper was to study of consequences increasing rural and urban households expenditures on changing of energy using in agricultural sector and on producing of environmental pollutants in khorasan razavi province. for this pur...