A preliminary version of this paper was presented at the Third Conference on Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning about Knowledge, 1990, Asilomar, California. Supported by NSF grant CCR 832-0136. Supported by NSF grant CCR 871-3846.

Tools for online communication are increasingly used in education, but they are not without problems. One significant difficulty is a lack of social presence. Social presence relates to the need for users to feel connected with each other and to perceive each other as real people. Low social presence can be a particular problem in text-based asynchronous systems such as discussion forums. These...

This study investigated the relationship among three types of the presences, including place presence, social presence, and co-presence in virtual worlds and their relationship with satisfaction and immersive tendencies of students. Students’ scores on a subjective questionnaire were analyzed. Results indicated that there was a significant relationship among the place presence, social presence,...

This paper presents an exploratory study into the use of real-time communication (RTC) systems to support distributed work. Motivated by the authors’ dissatisfaction with theories assuming individually rational actors, the paper suggests the idea of informated presence to capture phenomena emerging from employees’ increasingly computer-mediated engagement with their work environment. Four case ...

This document describes filters that limit asynchronous location notifications to compelling events. These filters are designed as an extension to RFC 4661, an XML-based format for event notification filtering, and based on RFC 3856, the SIP presence event package. The resulting location information is conveyed in existing location formats wrapped in the Presence Information Data Format Locatio...

Gender effects remain poorly understood in the E-commerce setting. Using social roles theory, this research further investigates gender differences in consumer Web-based purchase decisions. Specifically, gender differences in the effects of interactivity, vividness, diagnosticity, and perceived risk on subsequent consumer attitude and online purchase intentions are investigated and explained. A...

1.1. Topological Social Choice Theory. Social choice theory aims to understand the nature of, and provide methods for, the aggregation of individual preferences to yield a social preference which is fair and satisfactory to individual voters on an axiomatic ground. An important example of this is in popular elections. In the 1980s, Chichilnisky and colleagues developed a topological approach pi...

In recent research, little attention has been paid to issues of methodology and analysis methods to evaluate the quality of the collaborative learning community. To address such issues, an attempt is made to adopt the Activity System Model as an analytical framework to examine the relationship between computer supported collaborative learning (CSCL) and critical reflective capabilities. This pa...

In this article, the author first analyzes the social presence theory, media richness theory and taskmedia fit to investigate the suitability of various types of Social Media in disaster management. Then, on the basis of this analysis, use of social media is proposed to facilitate the communication tasks involved in the interaction between disaster management agencies and communities during dis...