A 22-year-old woman with primary hypothyroidism developed amenorrhoea and galactorrhoea during oral contraceptive therapy. Investigation showed high levels of circulating prolactin which rose in response to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia and were suppressed by an oral glucose load. After treatment with thyroxine normal periods returned, the galactorrhoea improved, and the prolactin levels fell t...

INTRODUCTION Disorders of sex development (DSD) is a congenital condition in which the development of chromosomal, gonadal or genital sex is atypical. Majority of patients present clinical characteristics of primary amenorrhea, absent secondary sex characters, and abnormal hormone level. A female appearance patient with primary amenorrhea and 46 XY karyotype seems to be solid evidences to diagn...

In the early 1960's methods of promoting conception were based on therapy with compounds similar to follicle stimulating hormone (F.S.H.) and luteinizing hormone (L.H.) All were very expensive, had to be given by injection, and could lead to multiple pregnancies as individual sensitivity to them varied greatly. Interest in clomiphene was instigated when a similar compound MER-25, was given to f...

UNLABELLED Mullerian agenesis, a congenital malformation of the genital tract is the second most common cause of primary amenorrhea. Its etiology is poorly understood but it may be associated with renal, skeletal, and other abnormalities. The diagnosis is often made either radiologically or laparoscopically in patients in whom hormonal and karyotypic investigations for primary amenorrhea are no...

Mechanical obstruction by hematocolpos can result in acute urinary retention.(1) Imperforate hymen is a rare condition that presents mainly with primary amenorrhea, cyclic abdominal pain and rarely, urine retention in pubertal girls.(2) This is a 23-year old female who presented with acute urine retention. She had history of previous vaginal repair of imperforate hymen. On examination patient w...

For a community sample of 623 low-income women (mean age = 26.9 years), the authors use life-history theory to explore relations between parenting and community background and timing of reproductive development and sexual behaviors. Among other patterns, reported levels of paternal involvement during childhood were related to delayed menarche and ages at 1st sexual intercourse and 1st childbirt...

Amenorrhea is rarely presented as a manifestation of endocrinological disturbances in patients of chronic hydrocephalus. We describe two cases of secondary amenorrhea caused by hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis. Two female patients of age 30 and 20 yr presented with amenorrhea and increasing headache. Magnetic resonance images revealed marked, noncommunicating hydrocephalus without any t...

Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) also called testicular feminizing is a rare X linked disorder of sexual differentiation caused by mutation in the androgen receptor (AR) gene, which located on chromosome (Xq11-q12). In reported cases, individuals with complete (CAIS) presented female appearance and normal breast development, absence uterus ovaries, bilateral undescended testis, elevated te...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the Mayer-von Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome and to address means of diagnosis, patient education and counselling. The timing of, and vast options for, creation of a functional vaginal are also discussed. RECENT FINDINGS The diagnosis of Mayer-von Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser usually occurs during an evaluation of primary amenorrhea. Counselling and support are of g...

An isodicentric X chromosome (46, X idic (X)(pter leads to qter::qter leads to pter)) with a single functioning centromere was found in all lymphocytes and fibroblasts examined from a female patient 171.5 cm in height presenting with primary amenorrhoea. Replication of the abnormal chromosome was consistently late. In some cells the pattern was asymmetrical but the asymmetry did not appear to r...