The amino acid proline has a unique biological role in stress adaptation. Proline metabolism is manipulated under stress by multiple and complex regulatory pathways and can profoundly influence cell death and survival in microorganisms, plants, and animals. Though the effects of proline are mediated by diverse signaling pathways, a common theme appears to be the generation of reactive oxygen sp...

Bacillus subtilis mutants deficient in amino acid repression of the histidine utilization (hut) operon were isolated by transposon mutagenesis. Genetic characterization of these mutants indicated that they most likely contained transposon insertions within the codVWXY operon. The codY gene is required for nutritional regulation of the dipeptide permease (dpp) operon. An examination of hut expre...

Abstract In this paper, we examined the competence of amino acids as standards for instrumental biochemical analysis. The chosen were first dissolved in various aquatic solutions and then measured a benchtop NMR spectrometer, which is not common choice such analytical investigations. Analysis by mass spectrometry was used addition. As part these investigations, determined stability ornithine, g...

salicylic acid (sa) and methyl jasmonate (meja) as phytohormone regulate synthesis of secondary metabolites in a wide range of plant species by accumulation of phenylalanine ammonia lyase enzyme (pal) and accelerate the production of oxygen free radicals, protein kinase, proline and nitrite oxide content. to study the effect of these compounds on synthesis of secondary metabolites, in two separ...

Several nitrogen compounds were identified and quantified in the apoplastic and symplastic sap of sugarcane stems. The sap of stems was composed mainly of soluble sugars, which constituted 95% of the total organic compounds detected. Sap also contained nitrogen compounds, with amino acids (50-70% of N) and proteins (20-30% of N), being the main nitrogenous substances, as well as inorganic forms...

Hypoxia and amino acid deprivation downregulate expression of extracellular matrix genes in lung fibroblasts. We examined the effect of hypoxia on amino acid uptake and protein formation in human lung fibroblasts. Low O(2) tension (0% O(2)) suppressed incorporation of [(3)H]proline into type I collagen without affecting [(35)S]methionine labeling of other proteins. Initial decreases in intracel...

Bactenecins are highly cationic polypeptides of the large granules of bovine neutrophils, exerting in vitro a potent antimicrobial activity. Two bactenecins, with an approximate molecular weight of 7000 and 5000, called Bac7 and Bac5, are characterized by a high content of proline (greater than 45%) and arginine (greater than 23%) residues. Their complete amino acid sequences were determined by...

Mixed and collagen protein synthesis is elevated for as many as 3 days following exercise. Immediately after exercise, enhanced amino acid availability increases synthesis of mixed muscle protein, but not muscle collagen protein. However, the potential for synergic effects of amino acid ingestion with exercise on both mixed and collagen protein synthesis remains unclear. We investigated muscle ...

Microbial proline 4-hydroxylases, which hydroxylate free L-proline to trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline, were screened in order to establish an industrial system for biotransformation of L-proline to trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline. Enzyme activities were detected in eight strains, including strains of Dactylosporangium spp. and Amycolatopsis spp. The Dactylosporangium sp. strain RH1 enzyme was partially pur...