was also made for n-propyl isocyanide, which was suspected, because of its color, to be contaminated with a small amount of n-propyl iodide. The values of the equilibrium constants were averaged, with the concentration of free isocyanide as a weight factor. The equilibrium constants obtained in this way are 2.0 X 105 for ethyl isocyanide, 1.1 X 105 for n-propyl isocyanide, 1.4 X 104 for isoprop...

Improvement of the new phosphite method for the synthesis of oligodeoxyribonucleotides using the deoxyribonucleoside 3'-bis(1,1,1,3,3,3- hexafluoro-2-propyl) phosphite unit has been carried out via the hydrolysis and capping steps, without any side reaction products. The new phosphite unit and capping agent, bis(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propyl)-2-propyl phosphite, is readily activated by N-meth...

The ozonation of trifluralin coated on azelaic acid particles is investigated with a vacuum ultraviolet photoionization aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The suspended trifluralin particles with the mean diameter of 270nm react with approximately 100ppm ozone in an aerosol reaction chamber under ambient pressure and room temperature (1atm, 298K). The time-of-flight mass spectra of the t...

Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs) are potent antiviral agents effective against replication of DNA viruses and retroviruses including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Prototype compound 9-(R)-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine (tenofovir) is a principal component of drugs widely used in the treatment of HIV infection (Viread, Truvada). Besides their antimetabolic mode of action, ANPs p...

A sensitive and reproducible high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence method was developed and validated for quantitative determination of indoxyl sulfate in plasma using methyl paraben as an internal standard. The separation was carried out on an OSD-2 C18 Spherisorb column by isocratic elusion with sodium acetate buffer (pH 4.5) and acetonitrile (10:90, v/v) as the mobile phase. Th...

6-O-methyl-, 6-O-propyl-, 6-O-pentyl- and 6-O-benzyl-D-galactose, and 6-O-methyl-, 6-O-propyl- and 6-O-pentyl-D-glucose inhibit the glucose-transport system of the human erythrocyte when added to the external medium. Penetration of 6-O-methyl-D-galactose is inhibited by D-glucose, suggesting that it is transported by the glucose-transport system, but the longer-chain 6-O-alkyl-D-galactoses pene...

OBJECTIVES This study utilized the electronic medical records of six veterinary hospitals (operated by Banfield, The Pet Hospital) in the vicinity of Fairburn, Georgia, to assess the health of dogs and cats following the unintentional release of propyl mercaptan from a waste-processing facility. METHODS Standardized electronic medical records were used to define clinical syndromes (eye inflam...

BACKGROUND Platelet dysfunction is a well-established disturbance in haemodialysis (HD) patients. Propyl gallate is a synthetic platelet activator with the property to stimulate platelet aggregation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of a single haemodialysis session on propyl gallate-induced platelet aggregation. METHODS Thirty-nine HD patients were enrolled in the s...

Uncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists with fast off-rate (UFO) may represent promising drug candidates for various neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we report that bis(propyl)cognitin, a novel dimeric acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and γ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor antagonist, is such an antagonist of NMDA receptors. In cultured rat hippocampal neuron...