background: vitamin d (vit d) is linked to various conditions including musculoskeletal, metabolic and   cardiopulmonary diseases. however, it is not clear whether correction of vit d deficiency exerts any beneficial effect in patients with pulmonary hypertension. methods: this study was a prospective uncontrolled longitudinal study. patients with pulmonary hypertension and vit d deficiency wer...

chylothorax in adult occurs most commonly in the wake of cardiac and thoracic procedures. injuries to the  common thoracic duct in the thorax or its branches in the mediastinum, injuries to the thymus tissues, dissection of the superior vena cava or ascending aorta, dissection of the aortic arch, disruption of the accessory lymphatics in the left or right thorax, and increased pressure in the s...

the ratio of cd4+/cd8+ has been used as a clinically index to evaluate patients' immunity. numerous researchers have studied cd4+/cd8+ ratio in pulmonary tuberculosis (ptb) patients. however, the change of cd4+/cd8+ ratio remains controversial. we present a meta-analysis of 15 case-control studies to identify the change of cd4+/cd8+ ratio in ptb patients.we assessed heterogeneity of effect esti...

background: depression and smoking decrease health status in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), but the combined effect of the two factors is unknown. this study aimed to assess the interactive effects of depression and smoking on the severity of patients with copd. methods: a prospective cohort study including 2,268 patients with copd was conducted in seven rural communities from ma...

diffuse large b cell lymphoma is the most common type of non-hodgkin's lymphoma, representing nearly one-third of all cases. any organ can be involved, making a diagnostic biopsy imperative. when the lungs are the involved organs, it is called primary pulmonary lymphoma (ppl). hereby, we present a case of primary pulmonary lymphoma (ppl) that demonstrated a single large mass on chest ct and had...

objective(s) to determine the potential toxic effects of manual soldering flux cored solder wire on lung of the rat as an experimental model. materials and methods a total number of 48 adult male rats were divided into experimental (n= 30) and control (n= 18) groups. based on exposure time to solder fume, each group was further subdivided into 2, 4 and 6 week subgroups. rats of experimental gro...

background: tuberculosis (tb) is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries. delay in accessing tuberculosis care is associated with the highest densities of mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tuberculosis) bacilli on sputum smears. objectives: the current study aimed to determine the extent of delay, and the major health system contributing factors to...

abstract   background: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, and is an important health economic problem. since 1960, there has been an increase in mortality associated with copd, especially in men. acute exacerbations form a major component of the socioeconomic burden of copd which mainly results in long-term hospitalization. despite the high...

introduction: pulmonary hyperinflation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) can increase the breathing rate and reduce diaphragmatic movements by pushing the diaphragms downward and limiting their movements; this, in fact, can affect the breathing process. the purpose of this study was to compare diaphragmatic movements in copd patients and healthy ones and to evaluate ...