We consider quantum charge pumping of electrons across a superconducting double barrier structure in the adiabatic limit. The superconducting barriers are assumed to be reflectionless so that an incident electron on the barrier can either tunnel through it or Andreev reflect from it. In this structure, quantum charge pumping can be achieved (a) by modulating the amplitudes, ∆1 and ∆2 of the two...

We study theoretically the effect of a rotating electric field on diffusive nanowire and find an that is analogous to spin pumping, which refers generation through magnetic field. The electron couples because particle motion induces effective in its rest frame. In system velocity particle, therefore also field, rapidly randomly changes direction. Nevertheless, we demonstrate analytically via ph...

rotary atomizers are commonly used in spray dryers to atomize feed. one destructive effect of wheel rotation is the creation of a vacuum inside the wheel that conducts hot air from the chamber into the wheel and can lead to atomizer blockage and an explosion. the present work determined the air-pumping characteristics of a rotary atomizer with a 50 mm wheel diameter. the vacuum pressure and pow...