We are interested in eeciently accessing data in an object-oriented database. We have developed a query algebra which fully supports object identity and abstract data types, and have identiied a variety of algebraic query transformations. The equivalence of two queries is complicated by the presence of object identity. In this paper we deene a hierarchy of notions of equivalence for queries, an...

This paper ensures an extensive survey of the generalization various hybrid numbers and polynomials especially as part its enhancing importance in disciplines mathematics physics. In this paper, by using Horadam polynomials, we define called hybrinomials. We obtain some special cases algebraic properties hybrinomials such recurrence relation, generating function, exponential Binet formula, summ...

In this article, it is aimed to determine the potentials and deficiencies of Bakırköy Cumhuriyet square Eminönü from perspective landscape architecture develop suggestions for contributing identity city by observing visual functional effects identity. Principally, concept city, were considered facts that make up investigated. squares chosen as research area, all elements analyzed features these...

Huang and Huang [International Journal of Systems Science, 39 (2008), 539-546] offered the algebraic approach to investigate the retailer’s replenishment policy under trade credit on the economic production quantity (EPQ) model. In this paper, we propose an arithmetic-geometric mean inequality method to simplify the algebraic method of completing perfect square established by Huang and Huang (2...

in this paper we introduce two-wavelet constants for square integrable representations of homogeneous spaces. we establishthe orthogonality relations for square integrable representationsof homogeneous spaces which give rise to the existence of aunique self adjoint positive operator on the set of admissiblewavelets. finally, we show that this operator is a constant multiple of identity operator...

We study nearest-neighbors walks on the two-dimensional square lattice, that is, models of walks on Z defined by a fixed step set that is a subset of the non-zero vectors with coordinates 0, 1 or −1. We concern ourselves with the enumeration of such walks starting at the origin and constrained to remain in the quarter plane N, counted by their length and by the position of their ending point. B...

Distinct so far existing arithmetics of fuzzy numbers, usually stemming from the Zadeh’s extensional principle, do not preserve some of the important properties of the standard arithmetics of real numbers. Although one cannot expect that a generalization of the standard arithmetic will preserve precisely all its properties, the most important properties should be preserved at least in a weakene...

A similar 4-square identity was discovered by Euler in 1748: (x1 + x 2 2 + x 2 3 + x 2 4)(y 2 1 + y 2 2 + y 2 3 + y 2 4) = (x1y1 − x2y2 − x3y3 − x4y4) + (x1y2 + x2y1 + x3y4 − x4y3) + (x1y3 − x2y4 + x3y1 + x4y2) + (x1y4 + x2y3 − x3y2 + x4y1). This was rediscovered by Hamilton (1843) in his work on quaternions. Soon thereafter, Graves (1843) and Cayley (1845) independently found an 8-square ident...

We show that deciding square-freeness of a sparse univariate polynomial over ZZ and over the algebraic closure of a nite eld IFq of p elements is NP-hard. We also discuss some related open problems about sparse polynomials.

In this paper we study algebraic branching programs (ABPs) with restrictions on the order and the number of reads of variables in the program. An ABP is given by a layered directed acyclic graph with source s and sink t, whose edges are labeled by variables taken from the set {x1, x2, . . . , xn} or field constants. It computes the sum of weights of all paths from s to t, where the weight of a ...