Surface scatter effects from residual optical fabrication errors can severely degrade optical performance. The total integrated scatter (TIS) from a given mirror surface is determined by the ratio of the spatial frequency band-limited " relevant " root-mean-square surface roughness to the wavelength of light. For short-wavelength (extreme-ultraviolet/x-ray) applications, even state-of-the-art o...

Wildland fire radiant energy emission is one of the onlymeasurements of combustion that can bemade at wide spatial extents and high temporal and spatial resolutions. Furthermore, spatially and temporally explicit measurements are critical for making inferences about fire effects and useful for examining patterns of fire spread. In this study we describe our methods for capturing and analysing s...

This paper describes results of a field measurement in which the feasibility low temperature heating and performance improvement by means convection enhancement around radiators were examined radiant with plastic multi-tubular an existing reinforced concrete house without thermal insulation. Radiant can make both room air temperatures MRTs 22〜25℃ PMVs 0 〜± 0.5 supply being 30〜36℃. Convection sm...

INTRODUCTION Medical and nursing care of newborns is predicated on the delicate control and balance of several vital parameters. Closed incubators and open radiant warmers are the most widely used devices for the care of neonates in intensive care; however, several well-known limitations of these devises have not been resolved. The use of laminar flow is widely used in many fields of medicine, ...

This study measured the radiant power (mW), irradiance (mW/cm2) and emission spectra (mW/cm2/nm) of 22 new, or almost new, light curing units (LCUs): - Alt Lux II, BioLux Standard, Bluephase G2, Curing Light XL 3000, Demetron LC, DX Turbo LED 1200, EC450, EC500, Emitter C, Emitter D, KON-LUX, LED 3M ESPE, Led Lux II, Optilight Color, Optilight Max, Optilux 501, Poly Wireless, Radii cal, Radii p...

Background Port-wine stain (PWS) birthmarks currently are treated using a pulsed dye laser (PDL) combined with transient cooling of the epidermis. PDL treatment protocols utilize short pulses of light (585 or 595 nm wavelength) to heat selectively the microvasculature due to absorption by intravascular hemoglobin. Although most patients respond to PDL therapy, few experience complete removal of...