Designing a sound cow-calf nutritional program requires knowledge of nutrient requirements, diet quality, and intake. Effectively using the NRC (1996) beef cattle requirements model (1996NRC) also requires knowledge of dietary degradable intake protein (DIP) and microbial efficiency. Objectives of this paper are to 1) describe a framework in which 1996NRC-applicable data can be generated, 2) de...

This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on nutritive value of safflower forage and silage by in situ and in vitro methods. The safflower forage was harvested at flowering stage, chopped to 3-5 cm particles and then ensiled in the laboratory silos for 60 days. The experimental treatments included: 1. Unfertilized forage (control), 2. Phosphor...

Information on quality characteristics of forage species help the range managers to select a suitable grazing program that minimizes the damages to vegetation. Water Soluble Carbohydrates (WSC) -the main photosynthetic products- are stored in various plant parts and are more likely to be consumed when plants require them. In order to investigate the changes of WSC in distinguishable organs in t...

Five common range forage including Agropyron intermedium, Bromustomentellus, Hordeum bulbosum, Cousinia bakhtiarica and Scariolla orientalis, weresampled during three phenological stages, from controlled rangeland stations over fivelocations in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. All samples were chemicallyanalyzed for Crude Protein (CP%), in vitro Dry Matter Digestibility (DMD), OrganicM...

Forage is included in beef cattle growing or finishing diets for several reasons. Nutritionally, forage provides protein, vitamins and minerals. When included as a minor component of high grain finishing diets, forage may increase feed intake and reduce nutritional disorders due to increased salivation, rumination and passage rate. Manipulating dietary moisture content through inclusion of dry ...

1. Combining the needs of agricultural production with enhancing biodiversity requires a landscape-scale approach since the geographic scale at which most non-farmed species operate is unconstrained by farm boundaries. Bumblebees are a key component of farmland biodiversity as pollinators of both crops and wild flora. However, the factors determining their densities in such landscapes remain po...

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of different forage and supplement combinations on forage and supplement intake and ruminal parameters in steers. Six ruminally fistulated steers were assigned to 1 of 4 treatments during 4 different data collection periods. Treatments were 1) Hay +wet brewers grains (WBG); 2) Hay +dried distillers grains (DDG); 3) round bale silage (RBS) + ...

This study was carried out to compare agro-morphological traits and nutritive value of 25 tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) ecotypes grown in Tehran, Iran. The experiments were carried out in a split plot design during 2016-2018 growing seasons. The results showed that there was a significant genetic variation in existing germplasm. The highest heritability was related to dry forage yi...

1 International Centre for the Advancement of Pastoral Systems, 69086 Allen Canyon Road, Wallowa, Oregon, 97885, USA 2 United States Agency for International Development (USAID), 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC, 20036, USA 3 United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service, Forage and Range Research Lab, Uta...