background and objectives: induced demand in healthcare is referred to as provision of unnecessary services or the patient by health services providers, while the patient is not aware of their unnecessity. apart from being unethical, this practice can potentially disturb the supply and demand balance in the health market, pose financial load on the patient, thread the patient’s health by imposi...

patient satisfaction is one of the sensitive indicators in determining the effectiveness of service rendered in hospitals. the study focus on comparing the health care services of  two cardiology based corporate hospitals in hyderabad, andhra pradesh, india. the data for the study was collected through a questionnaire consisting of two sections. an attempt has been made to elicit the informatio...

patients and methods a questionnaire was developed by a departmental checklist focus group, which aimed to identify the perception of health care checklists in general as well as specific checklists for routine and crisis situations in anesthesia. furthermore participants were asked regarding their perception of performing routine anesthesia and managing crisis situations without any cognitive ...

background: preconceptional care is very effective to ensure mothers and babies health during and after pregnancy. the clinics and health center personnel are able to offer preconceptional care especially to the risky cases. learning about the experiences of health center personnel in such cases is useful for others to find solutions for the same problems which may come up. this study tends to ...

objectives: amblyopia is most common binocular vision anomalies. to comprise is decrease of visual acuity witch doesn't remove by optical correction. nowadays because of the psychosocial problem with amblyopia, is a functional disability. awareness of parents of children with amblyopic life experience, when facing with curing system can provide effective for promotion of self-assessment, t...

Most existing search engines employ static ranking algorithms that do not adapt to the specific needs of users. Recently, some researchers have studied the use of clickthrough data to adapt a search engine’s ranking function. Clickthrough data indicate for each query the results that are clicked by users. As a kind of implicit relevance feedback information, clickthrough data can easily be coll...

ranking fuzzy numbers plays a very important role in decision making and some other fuzzy application systems. many different methods have been proposed to deal with ranking fuzzy numbers. constructing ranking indexes based on the centroid of fuzzy numbers is an important case. but some weaknesses are found in these indexes. the purpose of this paper is to give a new ranking index to rank vario...

Despite the enormous commercial importance of on-line advertisements (ads), there has been little work done to clarify the basis for ranking and displaying them. Most existing methods rank ads as if the user views each of them in isolation. We will consider a more realistic user model that induces three mutual influences between displayed ads: (i) positional bias (for viewing ads placed higher ...