Optical Projection Tomography (OPT) is a recently developed implementation of computed tomography (CT) techniques at optical frequencies. A series of 2D optical projections through a sample are generated at varying orientations, from which the 3D structure of the sample can be computationally reconstructed. OPT is especially suitable for samples from about 0.5 mm to 15 mm in size, which fills a...

During the last years, a number of novel X-ray imaging and data processing methods have been developed. This work gives an overview of some recent CT-developments: 1) High resolution CT: State of the art laboratory CT-systems are able to reach resolutions down to 0.7 μm (or even lower) and voxels sizes down to 50 nm. Several applications of high-resolution CT are presented and discussed. 2) Qua...

A method for achieving quantitative single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) based upon corrections derived from x-ray computed tomography (CT) data is presented. A CT-derived attenuation map is used to perform transmission-dependent scatter correction (TDSC) in conjunction with non-uniform attenuation correction. The original CT data are also utilized to correct for partial volume ef...

With the introduction of conebeam computed tomography (CBCT) in the early 2000s, oral and maxillofacial radiology fully entered the modern world of 3-dimensional (3D) radiographic imaging. Although conventional or medical computed tomography (CT) had been available since the 1970s, with few exceptions, it had not been widely used in dentistry. In the early days of conventional CT, the machines ...

The unique radiation exposure conditions that exist in computed tomography (CT), during which thin slices of the patient are irradiated by a narrow, fan-shaped beam of x rays emitted from the x-ray tube during its rotation around the patient, have required the use of special dosimetry techniques to characterize the radiation doses to patients and to monitor CT system performance. This section d...

For complicated structural components characterized by wide X-ray attenuation ranges, the conventional computed tomography (CT) imaging using a single tube-voltage at each rotation angle cannot obtain all structural information. This limitation results in a shortage of CT information, because the effective thickness of the components along the direction of X-ray penetration exceeds the limitati...

Nanoprobes are rapidly becoming potentially transformative tools on disease diagnostics for a wide range of in vivo computed tomography (CT) imaging. Compared with conventional molecular-scale contrast agents, nanoparticles (NPs) promise improved abilities for in vivo detection. In this study, novel polyethylene glycol (PEG)-functionalized Au nanoparticles with star shape (AuNS@PEG) with strong...

A 25-year-old female presented with sudden-onset dyspnoea. A chest X-ray showed total atelectasis on the left haemithorax (Fig. 1). A chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a cystic mass in the posterior mediastinum that compressed the left main bronchus (Fig. 2). Pathological examination confirmed a broncho-genic cyst in the posterior mediastinum. Figure 1: Chest X-ray showing total atelectas...

Water-soluble and biocompatible D-glucuronic acid coated Na2WO4 and BaCO3 nanoparticles were synthesized for the first time to be used as x-ray computed tomography (CT) contrast agents. Their average particle diameters were 3.2 ± 0.1 and 2.8 ± 0.1 nm for D-glucuronic acid coated Na2WO4 and BaCO3 nanoparticles, respectively. All the nanoparticles exhibited a strong x-ray attenuation. In vivo CT ...

This article presents the data of using three phase-based X-ray imaging techniques to characterize biomaterial scaffold and soft tissues in situ, as reported in our study "Low-dose phase-based X-ray imaging techniques for in situ soft tissue engineering assessments" [1]. The examined parameters include the radiation dose, scan time, and image quality, which are all critical to longitudinal in s...