We report the first experimental and theoretical demonstrations of in-band (or embedded) lattice solitons. Such solitons appear in trains, and their propagation constants reside inside the first Bloch band of a square lattice, different from all previously observed solitons. We show that these solitons bifurcate from Bloch modes at the interior high-symmetry X points within the first band, wher...

We fabricated a fork-shaped grating [1] made from a SiN-membrane with a 200-nm-thickness by using a focused ion beam machine (FB-2100, Hitachi High-Technologies Corp.). The maximum grating size in one direction was 10 μm. Electron diffractions from the gratings were observed with a 300-kV field emission electron microscope (H-9000) [2]. The optical system was constructed for small angle diffrac...

We extend the phase modulation method by in-plane diffractions from plane wave incidence to point source of surface plasmon polariton (SPP). A well-defined SPP focus is successfully realized from a point source under the diffraction by a carefully designed nanohole array, which is easy to layout in the future integrated optical circuits. With this method, the SPP Airy beam and finite plane wave...

A strong coupling standing wave, interacting with three-level L-type ~or ladder-type! atoms, can diffract a weak probe field ~propagating along a direction normal to the standing wave! into high-order diffractions, a phenomenon which we name electromagnetically induced grating ~EIG!. We develop in this work a theory for studying EIG in a homogeneously broadened medium consisting of three-level ...

The uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) plus an imposed edge diffraction extension is used to predict the backscatter cross sections of dihedral corner reflectors which have right, obtuse, and acute included angles. UTD allows individual backscattering mechanisms of the dihedral corner reflectors to be identified and provides good agreement w?ith experimental cross section measurements in the a...