BACKGROUND During resuscitation, when it is difficult or impossible to establish peripheral venous access, intraosseous route (IO) is considered as an alternative to a central venous line. However, it is sometimes difficult for obtain IO access with conventional manual bone puncture needle. Recently, powered mechanical bone marrow needle was developed. We compared the performance of the manual ...

This paper introduces a new algorithm for the formation of trustworthy route from source node to Base Station (BS) for secure routing of messages in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). This algorithm process the information given by the Trust dependent Link State Routing Protocol which is improved version of our Routing Protocol presented in [1] Direct Trust dependent Link State Routing Protocol b...

Carpooling has gained considerable importance as an effective solution for reducing pollution, mitigation of traffic and congestion on the roads, reduced demand parking facilities, lesser energy fuel consumption most importantly, reduction in carbon emission, thus improving quality life cities. This work presents a hybrid GA-A* algorithm to obtain optimal routes carpooling problem domain multio...

Introduction In today's world, the mapping services like Google Maps, Microsoft MapPoint etc have gained significant popularity for finding the shortest route while travelling from place to place. These services are available online and hence the responses of it must be real time i.e. very quick. Study has revealed that people do not change the parent query however may change the sub queries wi...

Route planning is an important problem for a number of diverse applications including intelligent transportation systems, space applications, autonomous robotics, and military guidance and navigation systems [1, 4, 5, 9—11]. We address the routing problem in the context of route planning for aircraft (rotorcraft or fixed-wing, manned or unmanned), though our approach can be easily extended to t...

This paper analyses the impact of jitter when applied to route discovery in reactive (on-demand) routing protocols. In multi-hop non-synchronized wireless networks, jitter--a small, random variation in the timing of message emission--is commonly employed, as a means to avoid collisions of simultaneous transmissions by adjacent routers over the same channel. In a reactive routing protocol for se...

Recent research shows that the traffic in public wireless networks is mostly transient and bursty. There is good reason to believe that ad-hoc traffic will follow the same pattern as its popularity grows. Unfortunately transient traffic generates route discoveries much more frequently than the well-studied long-term, constant-bit-rate traffic, causing network congestion problems for existing ro...

RNA interference (RNAi) was originally discovered in plants, and in 2000, RNAi was also applied as a gene silencing tool in mammalian cells. It is a mechanism in which short double stranded RNA molecules (siRNAs) are incorporated into a special protein complex further catalysing the complementary RNA degradation. Proteins are thus not translated after RNA degradation. In this study, a new siRNA...