The global renewable energy landscape is changing rapidly. Green energies reduce greenhouse gas emissions, diversify the supply, and lower dependence on volatile uncertain fossil fuel markets. future looks promising for green sources, which are taking an increasingly important role, especially in current context, as governments trying to identify viable solutions crisis fuels. Worldwide, there ...

For all cases I present both simulations the risk-neutral and the real one. Risk-neutral simulations are used for derivatives pricing, whereas real simulations are used in other applications like: (a) value at risk; (b) hedging; and, (c) in some real options applications, e.g., to find out the option exercise probability and the waiting expected time before the option exercise (see the Timing s...

This paper explores both theoretically and empirically whether or not the willingness to pay (WTP) for pollution control varies with income. Our model indicates that the income elasticity of the marginal WTP for pollution reduction is only constant under very restrictive conditions, which are not necessary for an environmental Kuznets curve relationship between pollution and income. Our empiric...

The digitization of power system represents one the main instruments to achieve target set by European Union 2030 climate and energy Agenda affordable transition. During last years, such innovation process has been associated with Smart Grid (SG) term. In this context, efficiency flexibility systems are expected increase consumers be active also on production side, thus becoming prosumers (agen...

The bidding price is one of the important factors for construction enterprises in winning a bid. In context public industry, process group competition, how to estimate individual bids calculate their maximum value and best improve probability has become an issue. this research, based on real option theory, concept environment introduced establish decision-making model projects. function covers ...