Effects of temperature and oxygen concentration on decarburization of 55SiCr spring steel were investigated at the temperature range of 500°C–1 200°C by using a Muffle furnace (an atmosphere of ambient air) and a Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer (low oxygen concentration with 2% O2 and 98% N2). In ambient air, the decarburization behavior can be divided roughly into five temperature ranges: T≥1 20...

The use of renewable wood-based fuel has been increasing in the last few decades because it is said to be carbon neutral. However, wood-based fuel, and especially used wood (also known as recycled wood or waste wood), is more corrosive than virgin wood (forest fuel), because of higher amounts of chlorine and heavy metals. These elements increase the corrosion problems at the furnace walls where...

The amount of different persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the input of waste incinerators was compared to that in the output. Three cases were considered: a rotary kiln incinerating hazardous waste, a grate furnace incinerating municipal solid waste (MSW) and the same grate furnace co-incinerating plastics of waste of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) and automotive shredder resi...

A facile and non-distractive method for estimating thermal emissivity of solid polymers based on ATR-FT-IR method was newly developed. This method is applicable to thick and nontransparent samples without using blackbody furnace. The thermal emissivity estimated by this method is consistent with the reference values obtained using blackbody furnace. The ATR-IR method enables to estimate thermal...

The aim of the present investigation is to study the sintering behavior of the Cu12Sn bronze system in both, a microwave furnace as well as a conventional furnace. The powders prepared by premixed and prealloyed routes were sintered in the range of solid state, transient and supersolidus liquid phase sintering conditions. The comparative analysis is based on the sintered density, densification ...

Located in Guangxi Province, China, the Liuzhou Iron and Steel Company is one of China’s leading suppliers of plate steel to its shipbuilding industry. Also exporting to countries such as Japan, Germany, Singapore and Thailand, the company is now capable of producing one million tons of steel per year, owing to a series of recent technical innovation projects. Foremost among these is an ongoing...

In this paper, we study the establishment of AC electric arc furnace model via chaotic circuit. First, the static model based on energy conservation theory is established. Then, a dynamic model based on static model created previous is built to simulate AC electric arc furnace dynamic characteristics. Chua’s chaotic circuit is selected to generate modulation wave. The results obtained by using ...

Quench hardening is the process of strengthening and hardening ferrous metals and alloys by heating the material to a specific temperature to form austenite (austenitization), followed by rapid cooling (quenching) in water, brine or oil to introduce a hardened phase called martensite. The material is then often tempered to increase toughness, as it may decrease from the quench hardening process...

The effect of annealing temperature and time on the formation of threading dislocations was investigated for high energy boron implants into silicon. 1 MeV B was implanted at a dose of 1310/cm into ^100& Si wafers. The wafers were subsequently annealed in either a rapid thermal annealing ~RTA! furnace or a conventional furnace for times between 1 s and 1 h at temperatures between 700 and 1150 °...