In the reference scenarios, economic and energy growth, combined with continued fossil fuel use, lead to changes in the Earth’s radiation balance that are three to four times that already experienced since the beginning of the industrial age. By 2100, primary energy consumption increases from over three to nearly four times 2000 levels as economic growth outpaces improvements in the efficiency ...

Measurements which show the potential for corrosion of a plant’s metallurgy due to interaction with the system water have gained in importance within the last two decades. Among the most successful of these measurements are those which measure an actual potential which is based upon the oxidation/reduction reactions taking place. The measurement of Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP) has been u...

The present study supports the development and testing of alternative jet fuels by introducing a state-of-the-art mathematical model that enables for first-time accurate estimations fuel consumption in engines via employing collective impact most significant properties. Based on literature data matrix with properties end-use performances was constructed. Best Multiple Linear Regression combined...

Global warming has today turned to one of the most important environmental issues due tooveruse of fossil fuels, and it needs serious attention. Since the mid-1970s, an urgent needwas therefore felt around the world to reduce the use of energy for heating and cooling inbuildings. Using green covers, especially green facades, in appropriate environmentalconditions can be regarded as a method to ...

The massive consumption of fossil fuels and associated environmental issues are leading to an increased interest in alternative resources such as biofuels. The renewable biofuels can be upgraded from bio-oils that are derived from biomass pyrolysis. Catalytic cracking and hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) are two of the most promising bio-oil upgrading processes for biofuel production. Heterogeneous cat...

Energy systems operation in isolated areas is frequently based on imported fossil fuels, which is a problem in different dimensions including environmental, economic and security of supply, with the latter being particularly relevant for any isolated system like Islands. Renewable energy is regarded as a solution to this problem, mainly in its transformation to electricity. This, however, exclu...

This study principally attempts to investigate the relationship between electricity consumption on the one hand and economic growth, energy prices and technology innovation in Malaysia on the other over the period, 1970–2009. The results of this study indicate that electricity consumption and its determinants are cointegrated. Specifically, the empirical results show that income positively affe...

The growth of population, rising fossil fuel prices (limited and decreasing day by day), pollution problem due to use of fossil fuels and increasing electrical demand are important factors that encourage the use of green and renewable energy technologies. Among the different renewable energy technologies, hydro power generation (large and small scale) is the prime choice in terms of contributio...