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Querying databases with incomplete or inconsistent content remains a broad and difficult problem. In this work, we study how to improve aggregations computed on databases with referential errors in the context of database integration, where each source database has different tables, columns with similar content across multiple databases, but different referential integrity constraints. Thus, a ...

the present study is an attempt to find out cultural exophoric references in four common english textbooks, namely touch stone, american file, top notch, and total english series used at iranian english language institutes and to compare the frequency of occurrence of such references in these coursebooks. in order to compare cultural exophoric references used in these coursebooks, the researche...

(2) Socrates is a man are semantic, and not merely syntactic, constituents of (1); someone who does not understand that name or that predicate does not understand (1). In this respect (1) differs from the metalinguistic “Socrates is a man” is a necessary truth in English. (b) Intuitively, also, (1) results from the application of a sentential operator “necessarily” to (2) at least somewhat as S...

It is widely known that closure operators on finite sets can be represented by sets of implications (also known as inclusion dependencies) as well as by formal contexts. In this article, we consider these two representation types, as well as generalizations of them: extended implication sets and context families. We discuss the mutual succinctness of these four representations and the tractabil...

In this chapter, three semantics-based schema conversion methods are presented: 1) CPI converts an XML schema to a relational schema while preserving semantic constraints of the original XML schema, 2) NeT derives a nested structured XML schema from a flat relational schema by repeatedly applying the nest operator so that the resulting XML schema becomes hierarchical, and 3) CoT takes a relatio...

Ideas of reference are considered hallmarks of schizophrenia-related psychopathology. However, the specificity of referential thinking to schizophrenia-related psychopathology has not been examined empirically. Schizotypy reflects the latent liability for schizophrenia and is associated with referential thinking. Referential thinking may occur in other forms of psychopatholoy, such as social an...

NULL vs OVERT SUBJECTS IN TURKISH DISCOURSE A CENTERING APPROACH Author Umit Deniz Turan Supervisor Ellen F Prince The purpose of this study is to explore an aspect of discourse coherence which involves anaphoric relations between utterances with special emphasis on subjects in Turkish Based on an analysis of published narratives three complementary and interrelated questions are addressed conc...

In 1950, the psychoanalyst Erik H. Erikson, in a famous treatise on the phases of life development, identified wisdom as a likely, but not inevitable, byproduct of growing older. Wisdom arose, he suggested, during the eighth and final stage of psychosocial development, which he described as “ego integrity versus despair.” If an individual had achieved enough “ego integrity” over the course of a...

Identity management is a relevant issue at a national and international level. Any approach to identity management is incomplete unless privacy is also a consideration. Existing research on evaluating an individual’s privacy preferences has shown discrepancies in the stated standards required by users, and the corresponding observed behaviour. We take a contextual approach to surveying privacy,...