In this paper we present the prototype omVR, which is a Virtual Reality based safety training system for a petrol refinery. It provides an improved technique for personnel safety training and it allows users to navigate through the refinery scenes and to interact with the environment. omVR is the implementation of a training environment that immerses the user into a computer-generated reality, ...

background: radon, an invisible, odorless, heaviest (nine times heavier than air) and radioactive gas is an aberration (the only gas in the long decay chain of heavy metal elements). it is ubiquitously present in dwellings and in the environment. humans receive the greatest radiation dose in their homes. that's where they spend most time - typically 70%, more for small children. recent wor...

Crude oil and condensate refineries generate a large amount of wastewater that has both process and non-process origins. Depending on the type of crude oil, composition of condensate and treatment processes, the characteristics of refinery wastewater vary according to a complex pattern. The design and operation of modern refinery wastewater treatment plants are challenging and are essentially t...

Background. Thirty refineries operate within Japan with a total crude processing capacity of about 4.8 million bpd. Capacity and total product demand is closely balanced. Almost all refined products are sold to the domestic market, although Japanese refineries occasionally import and export products between other Asian countries. The Japanese petroleum businesses, once protected, faced tough co...

Cryogenic air separation technology has been successfully employed for many years to supply oxygen for the gasification of a wide range of hydrocarbon feedstocks to generate synthesis gas for the production of fuels, chemicals and other valuable products. Examples include the conversion of liquid and solid refinery waste streams into hydrogen for use within the refinery Ž . along with the copro...

BACKGROUND This study investigated the relationship between people's attitudes towards the safety culture and comparing its perceptions among three levels of refinery Personnel: top management, supervisory staff and frontline workers by conducting safety culture survey. METHODS A questionnaire comprising general information and 59-safety attitude statement were distributed among 237 workers, ...

he 1980s brought changing trends into the waste market with increased reclamation, T recycling and waste minimization efforts. Adapting proven tcchnologies has aided in moving these three forms of waste managcment forward. A t EncycleITexas, Inc. (ETI), the fundamental objcctive of recycling is to convert hazardous waste into products. Founded in 1988, ET1 recycles metalbearing waste streams to...

Moderate effects of pollution on health may exert an important influence on labor market decisions. We exploit exogenous variation in pollution due to the closure of a large refinery in Mexico City to understand how pollution impacts labor supply. The closure led to an 8 percent decline in pollution in the surrounding neighborhoods. We find that a one percent increase in sulfur dioxide results ...

The microalgal community as primary producers has to play a significant role in the biotic and abitoic interactions of any aquatic ecosystem. Whenever a community is exposed to a pollutant, responses can occur because individuals acclimate to pollutant caused changes and selection can occur favouring resistant genotypes within a population and selection among species can result in changes in co...

The energy industry and in particular the Oil Refineries are extremely important elements in Iraq’s infrastructure. A terrorist attack on one oil refinery will have a catastrophic impact on oil production and the whole economy. It can also cause serious damage to the environment and even losses of human lives. The security of information systems and industrial control systems such as Supervisor...