Family history of type 1 diabetes and autoantibodies to the islet antigens insulin (IAA), glutamate decarboxylase (GADA), and the protein tyrosine phosphatase-like protein IA-2 (IA-2A) are strong predictors of type 1 diabetes, but the rate of progression to diabetes in multiple islet autoantibody-positive relatives varies widely. We asked whether detailed characterization of islet autoantibodie...

Quality of life is related to one of the basic human desires, which is to live well and feel good. The scope of this study was to evaluate the quality of life of psychoactive substance users and relatives, compared to non-users, analyzed by socioeconomic strata. A cross-sectional study with users of psychoactive substances, relatives, and other individuals who called the Information and Orienta...

Breast cancer is a multifactorial disease with an inherited predisposition being implicated in around 5% of all cases. Using previous epidemiological data assessing risks for the relatives of women with breast cancer, we have identified 154 women (from a screened population of 35,505) and 289 of their relatives between 50 and 64 years who have more than twice the age related risk of developing ...

OBJECTIVE To determine if Chinese individuals with non syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) display more dermatoglyphic asymmetry than unaffected relatives or controls. DESIGN Case-control study with two control groups (genetically related and unrelated). SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION A total of 500 CL/P probands from Shanghai, China, 421 unaffected relatives, and 66 cont...

BACKGROUND Rheumatoid factors (RFs) and antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides (CCPs) of IgG, IgA and IgM isotype have been shown to precede disease onset by years. OBJECTIVE To evaluate serological risk markers in first-degree relatives from multicase families in relation to genetic and environmental risk factors. METHODS 51 multicase families consisting of 163 individuals with r...

The environment of the intensive care unit (ICU) is burdensome to a patient and the patient's family. There is a higher risk of depression, anxiety and stress-related disorders in the ICU patients' family members. In relatives of critically ill patients, the cluster of adverse psychological reactions, such as: anxiety, acute stress disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression and complic...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore anecdotal evidence for an increase in the prevalence of autoimmune diseases in family members of patients with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS). METHODS Pedigrees of patients and controls were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression to assess differences in reports of autoimmune disease among family members of cases and controls. Data...

Neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia (SZ) are thought to be stable trait markers that predate the illness and manifest in relatives of patients. Adolescence is the age of maximum vulnerability to the onset of SZ and may be an opportune "window" to observe neurocognitive impairments close to but prior to the onset of psychosis. We reviewed the extant studies assessing neurocognitive deficits...

Abnormalities in visual processing have been found consistently in schizophrenia patients, including deficits in early visual processing, perceptual organization, and facial emotion recognition. There is however no consensus as to whether these abnormalities represent heritable illness traits and what their contribution is to psychopathology. Fifty patients with schizophrenia, 61 of their first...

BACKGROUND Research concerning relatives' participation in the everyday care related to persons living in special care units for persons with dementia is limited. RESEARCH QUESTIONS To examine relatives' participation in their near one's everyday care, the level of burden experienced and important factors for participation, in this special context. DESIGN The study had a cross-sectional des...