Women have continued to experience the worst consequences of all types of conflicts. It is in no doubt going by results from numerous past research efforts. For Example the case of the Kenya woman is no different and stark reality of the circumstances has brought into sharp focus in the PEV 2007/2008 triggered where 1300 people lost their lives, thousands injured, more than 500,000 displaced an...

Terrorism with religious ideological background today is a serious global threat. The modern infrastructure and the communications of movement allowed terrorist organizations to be able attack everywhere in world. issue that point interest this paper current situation returning foreign fighters their home country or third countries security consequences may arise if they are not treated properl...

Recently, cases of violence due to religious intolerance occurred in areas Indonesia, including the Special Region Yogyakarta. Previous research data shows that has increased last five years The problem disturbs nationhood and state. It should be handled as early possible prevent it from developing into radicalism, extremism, terrorism. Such a condition raises importance Islamic communication b...

n October 2015, Runet heatedly discussed the leak of information about the (failed) attempt of the Russian Ministry of Communications to cut the country off from the internet. The crackdown on the freedom of the internet is the marked tendency of President Putin’s third term in power, which has resulted in the closing down of thousands of webpages, including oppositional news agencies. One of t...

This paper describes a class of rater effects that depict rater-by-time interactions. We refer to this class of rater effects as DRIFT differential rater functioning over time. This article describes several types of DRIFT (primacy/recency, differential centrality/extremism, and practice/fatigue) and Rasch measurement procedures designed to identify these types of DRIFT in rating data. These pr...

The article analyzes the main concepts of Islamism and features its generation in North Caucasus, forms manifestation, specific ways counteraction. is considered a religious political form extremism obscured by Islamic slogans, directed against historically established spiritual traditions existing government, directing followers towards creation global Islamist power structures. This project h...

The relation of religion to secular order has once more assumed centre stage in the renewed conflict between secular democracies and a traditional religiosity turned fiercely political. The extreme development of the former had seen politics represented as the only true redemption and religion condemned as the malaise of self-alienated humanity, to be purged altogether or rendered subordinate t...

This article assesses the effectiveness of religious freedom as a framework in international relations for its ability to define issue Xinjiang and propose solutions. In defining problem, minorities other than Muslims, such Christians, are ignored. prevents social awareness policy from addressing issue, fosters Muslim majority appropriate Uyghur identity, marginalizing non-Muslim minorities. Mo...

This article analyzes the articulation of Islamic thought in 2014 and 2019 General Elections Indonesia, both which were marked by efforts progressive conservative Muslims to dominate public spaces. Contestation was evident these political discourses, with advocating for moderatism, ethics, tolerance narratives inclusivism, pluralism, while disseminating extremism, formalization sharia law, into...

This paper discusses the idea of religious moderation addressed for peace in Indonesia. is a library research through reference sources on concepts and circulating Indonesia's new tradition literacy. concludes that Indonesian people who have diversity need visions solutions can build harmony life, especially by using to accept different views, without falling into intolerance, radicalism, extre...