We show that the isotopic composition of oxygen (delta18O) in dissolved inorganic phosphate (Pi) reveals the balance between Pi transport and biological turnover rates in marine ecosystems. Our delta18Op of Pi (delta18Op) measurements herein indicate the importance of cell lysis in the regeneration of Pi in the euphotic zone. Depth profiles of the delta18Op in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans ar...

The variability of the California Current System (CCS) is primarily driven by variability in regional wind forcing. In particular, the timing of the spring transition, i.e., the onset of upwelling-favorable winds, varies considerably in the CCS with changes in the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation. Using a coupled physical-biogeochemical model, this study examines the sensitivity of the ecosystem ...

In this work a non-destructive laser ultrasonic technique is used to quantitatively evaluate the progressive change in the elastic response of human dental enamel during a remineralization treatment. The condition of the enamel was measured during two weeks treatment using laser generated and detected surface acoustic waves in sound and demineralized enamel. Analysis of the acoustic velocity di...

Managing non cavitated dental carious lesions non-invasively through remineralisation agents is a main goal and attempt to prevent further carious progression, and to improve and maintain the form and function of the teeth and oral cavity. The application of remineralisation agents to the non cavitated lesions has led to the development of novel technologies to arrest the further carious progre...

Dental hypersensitivity is a communal problem that we may often encounter in the daily life of both men and women, especially elderly who can unconsciously affect every activity. Dentin defined as sharp pain caused by stimulation exposed dentin unprotected enamel which be attrition, abrasion, crown fracture, gingival recession, orthodontic trauma. Aim: The aim this study was to analyse potentia...

OBJECTIVE The primary objective of the three studies reported in this paper was to evaluate the effects of new dentifrices containing 1.5% arginine, an insoluble calcium compound, and fluoride for their ability to promote remineralization of demineralized enamel, and to prevent mineral loss from sound enamel specimens. A secondary objective was to determine the effects on plaque metabolism with...

The Institute of Medicine, the Healthy People 2020 initiative, and the U.S. Surgeon General agree that oral health directly affects overall health.1-3 Fluoride is an important aspect of good oral care. It is inexpensive, easy to deliver, and effective. With 181 million Americans not visiting the dentist annually,4 family physicians have an essential role in oral health care. Fluoride is used in...

The aim of the present study was to determine the ability of a dentifrice containing a mixture of ion-exchange resins (named NMTD), which supplies calcium, fluoride, phosphate, and zinc ions, to promote remineralization and/or inhibit demineralization of dental human enamel in a pH cycling model in vitro. A fluoride toothpaste was used as the control. The enamel specimens were tested for microh...

In the present study the mineral loss/gain (∆Ca) in dental enamel during de-/ remineralization process, depending on used fluoride concentration, were measured in vitro in pH cycling conditions. 20 sound premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were divided in 4 subgroups. Artificial lesions were created on each of them. They were all subject to a pH cycling regimen for 2 weeks. During the p...

Dental caries is a progressive disease with varying phases of demineralization and remineralization, the scope reversing carious lesion increased if it diagnosed before there surface cavitation. Preventive management strategies are directed towards making enamel more resistant acid dissolution. The preventive protocol has always been fluoride-centric. Repeated application fluoride gives rise to...