Wireless sensor network (WSN) hierarchical (clustering) routing involves the gathering of nodes to form clusters in which node communicates cluster head (CH). The CH is responsible for data aggregation and forwarding collected toward base station (BS). Energy expenditure usual protocols becomes unequal because having diverse lengths. In this paper, we propose another new enhanced clustering pro...

A new protocol, quantum energy distribution (QED), is proposed in which multiple parties can simultaneously extract positive energy from spin chains by common secret keys shared by an energy supplier. QED is robust against impersonation; an adversary, who does not have a common secret key and attempts to get energy, will instead give energy to the spin chains. The total amount of energy transfe...

Original scientific paper The joints made by fusion of materials are exposed to the influence of residual stresses induced by welding thermal cycles. Residual stresses were measured on butt welded plates made of NIOMOL 490K, before and after reparation. The objective of this paper is to compare three methods of residual stress measurement (hole-drilling method, x-ray diffraction and directional...

This paper discusses online power aware routing in large wireless ad-hoc networks for applications where the message sequence is not known. We seek to optimize the lifetime of the network. We show that online power-aware routing does not have a constant competitive ratio to the off-line optimal algorithm. We develop an approximation algorithm called max-min zPmin that has a good empirical compe...

Because composites and adhesive joints are made from different phases with different thermal expansion coefficients, they inevitably develop residual thermal stresses. When designing composites or adhesive joints, it is important to account for these residual stresses. It is not the magnitude of the residual stresses that matters, but rather the effect of those stresses on composite failure pro...

This paper proposes T-CROM (Time-delayed Collaborative ROuting and MAC) protocol, that allows collaboration between network and MAC layers in order to extend the lifetime of MANETs in a resources-limited environment. T-CROM increases the probability of preventing energy-poor nodes from joining routes by using a time delay function that is inversely proportional to the residual battery capacity ...