Filamentous ascomycetous fungi possess many histidine kinases and two conserved response regulators, Ssk1p and Skn7p, in their two-component signaling systems. We previously reported that the fungus unique group III histidine kinase regulates high-osmolarity adaptation and iprodione/fludioxonil fungicide sensitivity by controlling the phosphorylation of Hog1-type mitogen-activated protein kinas...

Yellow and black Sigatoka, caused by Mycosphaerella fijiensis M. musicola, respectively, are the most important worldwide foliar diseases of bananas. Disease control is heavily dependent on intensive fungicide sprays, which increase selection pressure for resistance in pathogen populations. The primary objective this study was to assess level spread quinone-outside inhibitors (QoI—strobilurin) ...

BACKGROUND Genetic resistance to QoI fungicides may account for recent failures to control Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) Winter in French orchards. Two PCR-based assays were developed to detect the G143A point mutation in the fungal mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. The mutation is known to confer a high level of resistance to QoI fungicides. Occurrence of the G143A mutation in French field isolat...

Control of blackleg (phoma stem canker) disease relies on crop management, fungicides and breeding for disease resistance. Proteins encoded by these resistance genes recognize avirulence (Avr) gene products in the fungus during invasion of the plant. However, these Avr genes can mutate resulting in fungal isolates becoming virulent, thus avoiding recognition by the plant. Widespread use of cult...

Thiabendazole and benomyl were the most effective fungicides for the control of Diplodia natalensis Pole Evans stem-end rot, a major decay of early degreened fruit. This decay was also significantly reduced by imazalil and guazatine, but the level of control was not as consistent as that obtained with thiabendazole or benomyl. Control of Dip lodia stem-end rot was not obtained with DF-1OO or po...

Apple is one of the most important fruit species, very in human nutrition, both fresh and as a raw material food industry. scab economically significant apple disease worldwide it biggest problem production. Knowledge life cycle key importance for forecasting control. Forecasting based on Mills table still an irreplaceable approach occurrence. Control this pathogen relies mostly use synthetic f...

Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) being the most significant and profitable crop cultivated in temperate areas is extremely susceptible to apple scab disease. It becomes problematic when pathogens develop resistance farmers spend a lot of money on fungicides. These widespread worries reasonably call for different disease management strategy order use fungicides less frequently. As result, current ...

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of some pre-harvest fungicides on growth and aflatoxin (AF) production of three Aspergillus flavus strains found in Capsicum powder. Each isolate, previously isolated from paprika, chilli and smoked paprika, was inoculated on yeast extract sucrose agar and on a 3% paprika extract agar medium supplemented with different fungicides and incubated a...