Stress as a cofactor has been reported to affect the progression and severity of liver diseases. The present study investigated the effect of chronic restraint stress on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis. A total of 30 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups: Oil-treated control group; CCl4-treated group; and CCl4 + restraint-treated group. CCl4 was administrat...

BACKGROUND Children ages 8-12 years, also called "Tweens," demonstrate a number of risk factors for motor vehicle injury, including lack of restraint use and front seating position, yet few interventions have targeted this group. We implemented a school-based educational intervention designed to increase awareness and encourage safer transportation of these children. MATERIALS A local school ...

BACKGROUND Motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of death and injury in the United States. The purpose of this study was to describe the current health burden and medical and work loss costs of nonfatal crash injuries among vehicle occupants in the United States. METHODS CDC analyzed data on emergency department (ED) visits resulting from nonfatal crash injuries among vehicle occupants in...

OBJECTIVES The average percentage of residents restrained in nursing homes is approximately 20%. Facilities that do not meet Health Care Financing Administration standards for restraint use may be issued a deficiency citation. This article investigates which structure and process factors of nursing homes are associated with a deficiency citation for restraint use. METHODS Nationally represent...

In this study, using a mouse model, we tested the hypothesis that restraint stress would impair the developmental potential of oocytes by causing oxidative stress and that antioxidant supplementation could overcome the adverse effect of stress-induced oxidative stress. Female mice were subjected to restraint stress for 24 h starting 24 h after equine chorionic gonadotropin injection. At the end...

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) mediates responses to a variety of stressors. We subjected rats to a 1-h period of an acute stressor, physical restraint, and determined the impact on subsequent sleep-wake behavior. Restraint at the beginning of the light period, but not the dark period, increased waking and reduced rapid eye movement sleep without dramatically altering slow-wave sleep (SW...

Dieting is a risk factor for the development of eating disorders, and research suggests that dietary restraint emerges from a young age. There is a need to understand factors associated with the development of dieting intentions to prevent later disordered eating. The aim of this research was to explore individual and sociocultural factors related to 5-year-old girls’ dietary restraint. Partici...