Hybridization is a well-documented, natural phenomenon that is common at low taxonomic levels in the higher plants and other groups. In spite of the obvious potential for gene flow via hybridization to cause reticulation in an evolutionary tree, analytical methods based on a strictly bifurcating model of evolution have frequently been applied to data sets containing taxa known to hybridize in n...

Pollen aperture type, shape, size, polar axis length, equatorial P/E ratio, colpus thickness of the sexine and nexine, S/N ornamentation lumen shape width were determined by using light scanning electron microscope. A multivariate analysis was carried out Gover’s general similarity coefficient UPGMA based on 3 qualitative 8 quantitative pollen characters for 43 taxa belonging to 30 genera 19 tr...

Reticulate evolution is a common and important driving force in angiosperm evolution. In this study, we analyzed the phylogenetic signals of genomic regions with different inheritance patterns to understand evolutionary process organisms using species-rich Himalaya–Hengduan taxa bamboos (Fargesia Franchet Yushania Keng). We constructed trees sampling strategies reconstruction methods based on g...

Dowling-Degos disease is a rare autosomal dominant inherited pigmentary disorder characterized by reticulate pigmentation of the flexures, prominent comedone like lesions and pitted scars. Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria is characterized by the presence of hypopigmented as well as hyperpigmented macules. We report a family showing features of both these diseases.

Intraspecific gene evolution cannot always be represented by a bifurcating tree. Rather, population genealogies are often multifurcated, descendant genes coexist with persistent ancestors and recombination events produce reticulate relationships. Whereas traditional phylogenetic methods assume bifurcating trees, several networking approaches have recently been developed to estimate intraspecifi...

Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH), also known as reticulate acropigmentation of Dohi, is an autosomal dominant disease with high penetrance, characterized by hypoand hyper-pigmented macules in varying sizes on the dorsal extremities with reticulated pattern. This paper presents an unmarried Chinese male patient with typical dermatological lesions. Four generations of the family with 2...

The cutaneous lesion of erythema ab Igne are characterized by a reticulate erythema, hyperpigmentation, fine scaling, epidermal atrophy and telangiectasias, and reticulated erythema. We report a case of erythema ab igne on the hands of a 8-year-old girl, induced by classic homemade radiator.