During early vertebrate eye development, a regulatory network of transcription factors regulates retinal cell differentiation and survival into adulthood. Among those factors, Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) plays the dual role of maintaining the stem cell status of retinal progenitors cells and repressing the intrinsic axon regeneration ability in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) after injury. This ...

Although visual processing impairments are common in schizophrenia, it is not clear to what extent these originate in the eye vs. the brain. This review highlights potential contributions, from the retina and other structures of the eye, tovisual processing impairments in schizophrenia and high-risk states. A second goal is to evaluate the status of retinal abnormalities as biomarkers for schiz...

Aim The aim of this study is to compare the choroidal, retinal, and peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness patients diagnosed with hyperthyroidism but did not develop ophthalmopathy euthyroid patients.
 Material Methods: Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), freeT3 (fT3) freeT4 (fT4) tests were analyzed. Cases who came in symptoms had a TSH lower than 0.5 mu/L included study. Retinal (RT),...

The Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer thickness is one of the main clinical parameter used to diagnose glaucoma eye disease. The thickness of the RNFL decreases as the intraocular pressure inside the eye increases. Decrease in RNFL thickness or damages to RNFL due to high intraocular pressure leads to Glaucoma. The present work provides a technique for the segmentation of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNF...

PURPOSE To evaluate changes in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness as measured by scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) after the use of medication to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucomatous or ocular hypertensive patients. METHODS The authors prospectively enrolled 37 eyes of 37 patients in whom IOP was reduced by more than 25% after the use of medication. The images were obtained befor...

A 59-year-old woman was referred to our clinic for a glaucoma evaluation. The visual acuity and intraocular pressure were normal in both eyes. However, red-free fundus photography in the left eye showed a superotemporal wedge-shaped retinal nerve fiber layer defect, and visual field testing showed a corresponding partial arcuate scotoma. In an optical coherence tomography examination, the macul...

We introduce multi-directional optical coherence tomography (OCT), a technique for investigation of the scattering properties of directionally reflective tissue samples. By combining the concepts of multi-channel and directional OCT, this approach enables simultaneous acquisition of multiple reflectivity depth-scans probing a mutual sample location from differing angular orientations. The appli...

The advent of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) provides a new opportunity to visualize the retinal vasculature in a non-invasive and dye-free manner which may help identify vascular abnormalities in glaucoma. While a reduction in retinal and optic nerve head vessel densities and blood flow indexes measured by OCT-A has been demonstrated in patients with glaucoma in many studies,...