Cerebral hemorrhage is one of the most common causes of dysphagia. In many cases, dysphagia gets better once the acute phase has passed. Structural lesions such as thyromegaly, cervical hyperostosis, congenital web, Zenker's diverticulum, neoplasm, radiation fibrosis, and retropharyngeal abscess must be considered as other causes of dysphagia as well. Retropharyngeal abscess seldom occur in adu...

The purpose of this study was to systematically demonstrate and compare the pathological and immunohistochemical changes in goats which were infected by a fixed rabies virus that was used in vaccine production. In the histopathological examinations, varying degrees of inflammatory, degenerative and necrotic changes were detected in the central nervous system. In the preparations stained by the ...

Wild deer have an important role in the epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis (bTB). The aims of this study were (1) to compare the pattern of lesions present in wild red (Cervus elaphus) and fallow (Dama dama) deer that were naturally infected with Mycobacterium bovis, and (2) to use this information to develop a sampling strategy for the isolation of M. bovis from the lymphoid tissues of the he...

BACKGROUND In classical scrapie, the disease-associated abnormal isoform (PrP(Sc)) of normal prion protein accumulates principally in the nervous system and lymphoid tissues of small ruminants. Lymph nodes traffic leukocytes via lymphatic and blood vasculatures but hemal nodes lack lymphatic vessels and thus traffic leukocytes only via the blood. Although PrP(Sc) accumulation profiles are well-...

We are reporting a rare case of spontaneous atraumatic mediastinal hematoma in a previously apparently healthy middle aged female who presented with acute onset dysphagia, increasing neck swelling and spontaneous neck and chest bruising. Plain chest radiograph showed widening of the mediastinum. Contrast CT scan of neck and chest revealed a soft tissue swelling in retropharyngeal space causing ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Our purpose was to describe the association between narrowing of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and retropharyngeal abscess in children. METHODS Neck CT scans from 13 consecutive children with suppurative retropharyngeal lymphadenitis and abscess were evaluated retrospectively for asymmetric ICA diameters at the level of the abscess. Clinical status at the time of il...

Subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema after head and neck procedures is a rare phenomenon; however, its incidence has increased alongside the development of instruments for medical procedures. We report two cases of subcutaneous emphysema and mediastinal emphysema after dental procedures. In case 1, the entry of air was a laceration in the oral floor and an emphysema developed from the submand...

Dear Editor, Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), also known as Forestier’s disease, is a non-infl ammatory enthesopathy of unknown etiology. Affecting predominantly men, it results in fl owing, robust ossifi cation of the anterior longitudinal ligament of the spine. In contrast to ankylosing spondylitis, the disc space itself is usually spared and by defi nition, it affects 4 or mo...

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) remains a significant public health problem because of its neurocognitive sequelae. Additionally, with persistent obstruction, it has an impact on the cardiovascular system, leading to hypertension and cardiac failure as one of its causative or comorbid factors. For the surgeon managing OSA, there is a stepwise sequence of surgical procedures, from improving nasal ...