Abstract Refugees have been largely overlooked in analyses of Myanmar's transition, apparently considered peripheral to more prominent topics such as negotiation with armed groups, economic reform, and political elections. By analysing approaches return repatriation three distinct contexts—refugees camps Thailand, Rohingya refugees Bangladesh, Chin Malaysia India—this article shows that proposa...

The tightening of the European Union climate and energy policy, directed to raising the resilience and effectiveness of the European Union Emissions Trading System, may influence on companies' economic performance. Polish energy companies, which mainly use coal in the energy production process, are particularly worried about the potential negative consequences associated with the implementation...

putin’s policies have had significant impact on russian foreign policy after the cold war. despite the fact that putin sought for increasing russia’s power to the same level as the cold war, however; he was aware that the nature of the international system has undergone serious changes. therefore, some specific factors including close collaboration with the united states, an energy-oriented for...

The authors investigate the relationship between family policy and women's attachment to the labor market, focusing specifically on policy feedback on women's subjective work commitment. They utilize a quasi-experimental design to identify normative policy effects from changes in mothers' work commitment in conjunction with two policy changes that significantly extended the length of statutory ...

Policy gradient methods have been successfully applied to many complex reinforcement learning problems. However, policy gradient methods suffer from high variance, slow convergence, and inefficient exploration. In this work, we introduce a maximum entropy policy optimization framework which explicitly encourages parameter exploration, and show that this framework can be reduced to a Bayesian in...

This study aims to determine the effect of dividend policy and profitability on stock returns in Consumer Goods industry company simultaneously partially. method uses quantitative methods, analytical technique used is descriptive statistics, while hypothesis testing multiple linear regression analysis. The determination sample was carried out using purposive sampling for 2016-2020 period. resul...

We partially identify the average treatment effect of education on earnings and nonparametrically estimate its upper bound for African, Coloured (mixed race) and White males in South Africa. We address endogenous selection into education, cohort effects and endogenous selection into work. Using the September 2007 South African Labour Force Survey, the upper bound estimates are considerably lowe...

A pressing issue for the genetic research enterprise—and an issue that has important implications for biobanks—is whether researchers should share, or “return,” the genetic research results with the individuals whose DNA they studied.1 With some exceptions, researchers typically have not returned genetic research results to the biospecimen donors.2 One reason for a no-return policy is that rese...