Sand crabs use their multi-jointed legs to dig into sand. Combined movement and electromyogram (EMG) analyses showed that the pattern of intra-leg coordination in the legs of two sand crabs of different families (Blepharipoda occidentalis and Emerita analoga) is similar in legs 2 and 3, but very different in leg 4. For example, the sequence of proximal joint movements in legs 2 and 3 is elevati...

AE23A‐01 presented at 2010 Fall Meeting, AGU, San Francisco,Calif., 13–17 Dec.Maslowski, G., and V. A. Rakov (2006), A study of the lightning channelcorona sheath, J. Geophys. Res. , 111 , D14110, doi:10.1029/2005JD006858.Miki, M., V. A. Rakov, K. J. Rambo, G. H. Schnetzer, and M. A. Uman(2002), Electric fields near triggered lightning channels measured withpockels s...

OBJECTIVES This study focuses on the continuation of gainful employment after experiencing stroke, addressing factors indicative of readiness for return to work, subjective well-being and life satisfaction. METHODS The target group comprised 120 patients, studied by means of medical records and postal questionnaires. RESULTS A total of 41% had returned to work, although there were changes c...

Ultra low frequency magnetic field measurements made 500–2000 km from positive lightning discharges show a signature that is consistent with unusually high amplitude cloud-to-ground continuing lightning current. The magnitude of this nearly constant current moment is as large as 60 kA km and can last at half this amplitude for longer than 150 ms, thereby moving 640 C or more (assuming a 7 km ve...

Intracellular and extracellular recordings have been made from neurones of the swimmeret system in the semi-isolated abdominal ganglion of the crayfish during rhythmic activity. Extracellular recordings commonly reveal a motor programme (MP1) consisting of low-amplitude symmetrical power and return stroke activity with phase-constant posterior-to-anterior intersegmental coordination. Occasional...

BACKGROUND In the period 1997-2005, the Danish government initiated a series of legislative changes aimed at facilitating RTW (return to work) in the Danish population. In the present study, we investigated the odds of being gainfully occupied ca. two years after stroke as a function of onset calendar year, 1996-2006. METHODS All previously employed 20-57 year-old stroke patients in Denmark 1...

We conducted a quantitative analysis of the different nonspiking interneurons in the local pattern-generating circuits of the crayfish swimmeret system. Within each local circuit, these interneurons control the firing of the power-stroke and return-stroke motor neurons that drive swimmeret movements. Fifty-four of these interneurons were identified during physiological experiments with sharp mi...

The quality of life for 46 stroke survivors under the age of 65 years in a stroke register was studied 4 years after their first stroke. A questionnaire covering four domains of life (working conditions, activities at home, family relationships, and leisure time activities) was used for investigation of the quality of life. The results showed that in spite of a good recovery in terms of dischar...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Assessment of cardiovascular stability using ventilation-induced changes in measured physiological variables, referred to as functional hemodynamic monitoring, usually requires measurement of ventilation-induced changes in venous return. Thus, it is important to understand the determinants of these complex heart-lung interactions. RECENT FINDINGS Several animal and human stu...

Stroke is a form of cardiovascular disease affecting the blood supply to the brain. Also referred to as cerebrovascular disease or apoplexy, strokes actually represent a group of diseases that affect about one out of five people in the United States. When physicians speak of stroke, they generally mean there has been a disturbance in brain function, often permanent, caused by either a blockage ...