175 Further Reading Bulliet, Richward W. (1979) Conversion to Islam in the Medieval Period, An Essay in Quantitative History. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Hodgson, Marshall G. (1974) The Venture of Islam, Conscience and History in a World Civilization. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Lapidus, Ira M. (1988) A History of Islamic Societies. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University P...

The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and the subsequent military campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq placed the question of Islam and Muslim politics squarely in the American public’s mind. In bookshops and classrooms, and on radio and television talk shows, Americans were treated to crash courses on the history of Islam, Muslim attitudes toward democracy, the reasons (some) Muslim women ...

The verses of the Al-Quran have meanings and purposes related to history behind revelation verses. meaning can be explored by various approaches methods interpretation. This article examines word qātilū in Q.S. At-Taubaḥ [9]: 29. often has a double so it is understood incorrectly only external aspects are discussed. Basically Koran means "fight". But fact At-Tubaḥ 29 used as "legal" legitimacy ...

Corrigendum Corrigendum to ‘‘Application of the optimal homotopy asymptotic method to squeezing flow’’ [Comput. Math. Appl. 59 (2010) 3858–3866] M. Idrees a, S. Islam b,∗, Sirajul Haq a, Siraj-ul-Islam c a Faculty of Engineering Sciences, GIK Institute, Topi, NWFP, Pakistan b Department of Mathematics, CIIT, H-8/1, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan c NWFP University of Engineering and Technology, Pesha...

The revelation principle asserts that every outcome brought by a mechanism is realized by a truthful direct mechanism. The present paper investigates the regularity conditions of these two mechanisms in the continuous space of the agent’s type. It questions what regularity condition a general mechanism confers upon a direct mechanism through the revelation principle. By so doing, we elucidate t...

This paper analyzes the impact of a takeover threat on information flows (or communication) within or across firms. We consider a long-term relationship between a firm and a privately informed trading partner, say a buyer. Both parties bargain over a price in each period and a takeover may take place. When takeovers are ruled out, having high bargaining power increases the firm’s likelihood to ...

This article bridges Sri Lankan studies and the academic debate on the relation between contemporary Islam and politics. It constitutes a case study of the Muslim community in Akkaraipattu on Sri Lanka’s war-ridden east coast. Over two decades of ethnically colored conflict have made Muslim identity of paramount importance, but the meanings attached to that identity vary substantively. Politici...