MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs processed from primary miRNA transcripts, and plant miRNAs play important roles in plant growth, development, and response to infection by microbes. Microbial infections broadly alter miRNA biogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we report that the Rice stripe virus (RSV)-encoded nonstructural protein 3 (NS3...

an understanding of the strength of rice grains as affected by moisture content and temperature is important for analysis and prediction of cracking and/or breakage behavior during handling and processing. further, the magnitude of these properties at various moisture contents and temperatures is needed for the accurate design of milling machinery so that grain damage is minimized. to determine...

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is both a major crop species and the key model grass for molecular and physiological research. Mitochondria are important in rice, as in all crops, as the main source of ATP for cell maintenance and growth. However, the practical significance of understanding the function of mitochondria in rice is increased by the widespread farming practice of using hybrids to boost ric...

aseptic processing is defined as steril product filling in pre-sterilized containers followed by hermetic sealing in a sterile environment. aseptic processing and packaging has made great developments as a flexible and efficient technology for production of sterilizable products in food industries. in this study, the historical developments of the application form processing, sterilization of p...

Rice glutelin is synthesized as a precursor in the endosperm endoplasmic reticulum and then deposited within the protein storage vacuole protein body-II (PB-II) as an aggregate, with a high degree of polymerized higher-order structure comprising mature acidic and basic subunits after post-translation processing cleavage. In order to investigate the functional role of this processing and its eff...

Rice is one of the most important food crops contributing over 39% of the total food grain production in China. Out of 113 million hectares of area sown under food crops 28% is covered by rice. The traditional irrigation regime for rice, termed as “continuous deep flooding irrigation” was applied in China before 1970s. A tremendous amount of water was used for the rice growing and only a low yi...

This paper discusses a new way to solve the Vehicles Routing Problem (VRP) of logistics with the use of Taboo Search Algorithms (TSA) and optimize the new way and the distribution center based on Genetic Algorithms (GA). This study focuses on the incorporating of sugar industry and Milled Rice distribution center management in Thailand for the export channel. This provides a systematic and fram...

Cereal grains, such as corn, wheat, rice, and sorghum, are grown and processed into a wide variety of ingredients for animal and human food uses. The focus of this chapter will be on corn and wheat, but other cereals have significance in global processing and human nutrition. For example, rice is grown throughout Asia and the Pacific Rim and is primarily consumed with the endosperm intact. Rice...

High-throughput plant phenotyping is an effective approach to bridge the genotype-to-phenotype gap in crops. Phenomics experiments typically result in large-scale image datasets, which are not amenable for processing on desktop computers, thus creating a bottleneck in the image-analysis pipeline. Here, we present an open-source, flexible image-analysis framework, called Image Harvest (IH), for ...