binary decision diagram (in short bdd) is an efficient data structure which has been used widely in computer science and engineering. bdd-based attack in key stream cryptanalysis is one of the best forms of attack in its category. in this paper, we propose a new key stream attack which is based on zdd(zero-suppressed bdd). we show how a zdd-based key stream attack is more efficient in time and ...

The inherent complexity of the software systems creates problems in the software engineering industry. Numerous techniques have been designed to comprehend the fundamental characteristics of software systems. To understand the software, it is necessary to know about the complexity level of the source code. Cognitive informatics perform an important role for better understanding the complexity o...

Abstract The present study was an attempt to investigate the relationship between EFL learners’ anxiety and writing complexity. For the purpose of the study, 70 female learners, between 17 and 24 years old (mean=20) from Najm language school in Tehran participated in the study. The participants’ level of anxiety was measured using Horwitz, Horwitz, and Cope’s Anxiety Questionnaire (1986) and th...

  The present review classifies and describes the multifactorial causes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery failure, concentrating on preventing and resolving such situations. The article particularly focuses on those causes that require ACL revision due to recurrent instability, without neglecting those that affect function or produce persistent pain. Although primary ACL reconstructio...

the volterra model is widely used for nonlinearity identification in practical applications. in this paper, we employed volterra model to find the nonlinearity relation between electroencephalogram (eeg) signal and the noise that is a novel approach to estimate noise in eeg signal. we show that by employing this method. we can considerably improve the signal to noise ratio by the ratio of at le...

Recently tasks, as the basic units of syllabi, and the cognitive complexity, as the criterion for sequencing them, have caught many second language researchers’ attention. This study sought to explore the effect of utilizing the cognitively simple and complex tasks on high- and low-proficient EFL Iranian writers’ linguistic performance, i.e., fluency, accuracy, lexical complexity, and structura...