This review examines the hypothesis that excess lung cancer risk in worker cohorts exposed to asbestos occurs only among those with asbestosis. The adequately designed studies in the literature support this hypothesis. The summary relative risk for lung cancer was 1.00 in seven cohorts with no deaths from asbestosis. In addition, there is a high correlation between asbestosis rates and lung can...

This paper studies the cross-sectional risk-return trade-off in the stock market. A fundamental principle in finance is the positive relation between risk and expected return, whereas recent empirical evidence suggests the opposite. We apply referencedependent preferences to shed light on this violation. Reference-dependent preferences (e.g., prospect theory) typically posit that when facing pr...

This paper investigates performance attribution measures as a basis for constraining portfolio optimization. We employ optimizations that minimize conditional value-at-risk and investigate two attributes, asset allocation (AA) the selection effect (SE), constraints on weights. The test consists of stocks from Dow Jones Industrial Average index. Values attributes are established relative to benc...

Risk-Adjusted-Return-On-Capital (RAROC) is a loan-pricing criterion under which bank sets the loan term such that certain rate of return achieved on regulatory capital required by Basel regulation. Some banks calculate amount for each standardized approach (“standardized banks,” proportional to amount), and others internal rating-based (IRB) (“IRB related Value-at-Risk loan). This article exami...

CONTEXT White matter lesions (WMLs) detected on cerebral imaging scans have been hypothesized to have a microvascular etiology and to precede the development of clinical stroke. However, few clinical data are available to support these hypotheses. OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship of WMLs, retinal microvascular abnormalities, and incident clinical stroke in healthy, middle-aged men and wo...

Background: Urban air pollutants may affect respiratory mortality. This study was conducted to investigate this effect in Ahvaz, one of the most polluted cities in the world. Methods: The impact of 7 major air pollutants including O3, PM10, NO2, CO, and SO2 were evaluated on respiratory mortality in different gender and age groups using a quasi-Poisson, second degree polynomial constrained, di...

OBJECTIVES Little is known about the prognosis of community-acquired bacteraemia (CAB) in workforce adults. We assessed return to workforce, risk for sick leave, disability pension and mortality within 1 year after CAB in workforce adults compared with blood culture-negative controls and population controls. DESIGN Population-based cohort study. SETTING North Denmark, 1996-2011. PARTICIPA...

We provide statistical estimates of individual security mispricing which is defined as the departure of the market price from the prediction of a fundamental asset pricing model. We show that there is a return premium associated with systematic mispricing risk which is the dependence of the individual security mispricing on a market wide mispricing factor. The risk or characteristic-adjusted re...