Accurately quantifying and robustly hedging options embedded in the guarantees of variable annuities is a crucial task for insurance companies in preventing excessive liabilities. Due to sensitivities of the benefits to tails of the account value distribution, a simple Black-Scholes model is inadequate. A model which realistically describes the real world price dynamics over a long time horizon...

In this paper, we present a simple analysis of fast rates with high probability of empirical minimization for stochastic composite optimization over a finite-dimensional bounded convex set with exponentially concave loss functions and an arbitrary convex regularization. To the best of our knowledge, this result is the first of its kind. As a byproduct, we can directly obtain the fast rate with ...

INTRODUCTION Pharmaceutical risk minimization programs involve interventions designed to support safe and appropriate use of medicines. Currently, information regarding the evaluation of these programs is not publicly reported in a standardized and transparent manner. To address this gap, we developed and piloted a quality reporting checklist entitled the Reporting recommendations Intended for ...