This study examined the mediating role of social factors (friends’ substance use, living with family and having a romantic partner) in relationship between subjective well-being health-risk behaviours. is cross-sectional 840 Portuguese university students that used probabilistic sampling technique. The data were gathered using paper-and-pencil questionnaire which included three main areas: well...

It has been shown repeatedly that adolescents are over-represented in crashes among all classes of road user, compared with other age groups. Causation of this overrepresentation is complex, with many different factors implicated from both basic and applied research perspectives. Ultimately, applications of theories of human behaviour must guide road safety studies of road user behaviour, and a...

We present a new mechanism for encouraging risk taking within organizations that relies on the provision of decision insurance to managers. Since insurance increases the likelihood of free riding, we also introduce a technique that mitigates this moral hazard by automatically identifying the social network around the manager and using it as a monitoring group. We show that three possible regime...

Prior research has revealed racial disparities in health outcomes and more health-compromising behaviors, such as smoking and drug abuse. It has been suggested that discrimination may contribute to such disparities, but the mechanisms through which this occurs are not well understood. Here, we examined whether the experience of discrimination affects acute physiological stress responses and inc...

Essential practice points from this article Part I of this article ( issue 4) identified the things drug users and others do or don’t do which affect the risk of overdose, and the influences which make these behaviours more or less likely. Key conclusion: overdose deaths are avoidable: rarely is taking heroin or taking a high dose the sole cause. Other factors turn potential risk into reality, ...

Individual Differences in Warning Perception: The Role of Risk-Taking Propensity Elizabeth Gabe-Thomas Warnings are intended to improve safety (decreasing injury, illness and loss) by communicating the presence and nature of a potential hazard and encouraging behaviour that will minimise or avoid a negative outcome. Warnings can be seen as representations of risk, therefore it is likely that an...

Positive mood can affect a person's tendency to gamble, possibly because positive mood fosters unrealistic optimism. At the same time, unexpected positive outcomes, often called prediction errors, influence mood. However, a linkage between positive prediction errors-the difference between expected and obtained outcomes-and consequent risk taking has yet to be demonstrated. Using a large data se...

background this quantitative explanatory study was designed to explain the relationship between hiv/aids risk-taking behaviors among african american women and their knowledge surrounding hiv/aids. more specifically, the research considers whether knowledge alone was sufficient to alter african-american women’s risk-taking behaviors regarding hiv/aids. objectives this study was designed to inve...

BACKGROUND Health risk behaviours often co-occur in adolescence. This may be partially explained by a set of common risk and protective factors. The current study examines the association between risk behaviours throughout adolescence and identifies common risk factors for multiple risk behaviour in late adolescence. METHODS We use data from the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England. ...