This paper is concerned with the use of the choice experiment method for modelling the demand for recreation, using the example of rock-climbing in Scotland. We begin by outlining the method itself, including its theoretical and econometric underpinnings. Data collection procedures are then outlined. We present results from both nested and non-nested models, and report some tests for the implic...

Extreme sports (including in-line skating, snowboarding, mountain bicycling, extreme skiing, rock climbing, indoor tackle football, kickboxing, skateboarding, and ultra-endurance racing) are growing in popularity. Often these sports are designed to expose athletes to greater thrills and risks than are found in traditional sporting activities. Despite this increased risk of injury, athletes comp...

procedures. It was modeled after rock climbing cliffs, in which climbs are rated on a numerical degree-of-difficulty scale, and the number does not depend on the climber. Originally, the ERCP difficulty grading scale ranged from 1 to 5, with 1 being a relatively easy ERCP procedure and 5 being a difficult ERCP procedure. A few years later, a committee from the American Society for Gastrointesti...

Purpose: A repeated measures single-group feasibility study was used to investigate the potential success and of an adaptive climbing program including group social skills activities positively impact in children with developmental delays. Methods: convenience sample 10 aged 4 12 years participated six activity groups sessions at a rock-climbing facility North Carolina. Trained observers measur...

PURPOSE The primary aim of this study is to determine the principal somatic and motor determinants for elite climbers. METHODS Twenty climbers were examined [age: 28.5±6.1 years].The runners were divided into two groups based on their climbing level, according to the International Rock Climbing Research Association (IRCRA). Elite climbers represented a 8b-8c Rotpunkt (RP) climbing level (n = ...

the mountains as the other natural environment are the main purposes for nature based tourism such as sport tourism and have a finite capacity for recreation development which differs from one place to another and naturally causes different type of tourism’s development. therefore land suitability is very important before tourism planning. some charactristics like geomorphological, biological a...

administration of apomorphine and amphetamine induces climbing behavior in mice due to stimulation of brain dopamine receptors. in the present study, the effects of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on amphetamine-induced climbing have been investigated. intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of different doses of amphetamine (2,4 and 8 mglkg) induced climbing in mice (p

Since rock climbing was added to the Olympic Games, nations around globe have started pay more attention instruction of and established it as a program in colleges universities train college students adolescents, who make up majority climbers. However, there are many problems faced while teaching universities, such no standardized materials, short time, cumbersome content, which few mention. As...