The anatomical distribution of plasma cells and other cells containing immunoglobulin in the respiratory tract, and the relative proportions of the immunoglobulin classes have been estimated on necropsy tissues from nine adult human subjects without respiratory disease, five non-smokers and four smokers, none of whom had cough or sputum. Cell counts on multiple sections stained by immunofluores...

Background: Endobronchial foreign bodies (EFBs) are rare in children over the age of three. Case presentation: Two school-age had EFBs due to accidental inhalation metal-containing mouth. In case 1, CT showed a needle-like body at entrance right upper lobe bronchus, and 2, it was found posterior basal segment lower lobe. The EFB 1 successfully removed by rigid bronchoscopy. not accessible via f...

PURPOSE To evaluate the diagnostic value of multidetector CT (MDCT) and its multiplanar reformation (MPR), volume rendering (VR) and virtual bronchoscopy (VB) postprocessing techniques for primary trachea and main bronchus tumors. METHODS Detection results of 31 primary trachea and main bronchus tumors with MDCT and its MPR, VR and VB postprocessing techniques, were analyzed retrospectively w...

Congenital fistulae between the tracheobronchial tree and oesophagus usually originate from the lower end of the trachea or right main bronchus. The case history is presented of a man in whom a fistula between the oesophagus and left main bronchus was not diagnosed until the age of 48.

A 44 year old man with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus developed endobronchial mucormycosis, which totally obstructed the right lower lobe bronchus. The lesion was removed through a rigid bronchoscope. Two weeks later the bronchus was free of mucormycosis histologically and on culture.

A 75-year-old female underwent a High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) scan for recurrent bronchitis and cough. HRCT images showed an anomalous supernumerary bronchus to the right upper lobe directly arising from the right side of distal trachea, corresponding to Tracheal Bronchus (TrB). TrB can cause recurrent right upper lobe pneumonia and special care is requiring during endotracheal in...

In addition to its emerging immunodulatory properties, theophylline is a bronchodilator and also decreases mean pulmonary arterial pressure in vivo. The mechanism of action of this drug remains controversial; adenosine antagonism, phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibition and other actions have been advanced to explain its effectiveness in asthma. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and cyclic guanos...

The amino acid and sugar composition of mucins from various organs is similar but not identical. This could arise by one or more of the following: organ-specific processing of a single core protein, organ-specific splicing of a single mucin mRNA, or organ-specific expression of various mucin genes. To begin to investigate the source of this variability, we examined (a) immunological cross-react...