Clustering is an important tool in data mining and knowledge discovery. Fuzzy Adaptive Resonance Theory, a member of unsupervised neural networks, clusters data effectively because of applying operator AND of Fuzzy Logic. In previous studies, learning from data was ineffective when the surface of data is higher than the surface of weight vector of categories. In this paper, we propose an improv...

We investigate a Gaussian quadrature rule and the corresponding orthogonal polynomials for the oscillatory weight function ei!x on the interval [ 1, 1]. We show that such a rule attains high asymptotic order, in the sense that the quadrature error quickly decreases as a function of the frequency !. However, accuracy is maintained for all values of ! and in particular the rule elegantly reduces ...

In this paper we first introduce the concept of classification confidence in fuzzy rule-based classification. Classification confidence shows the strength of classification for an unseen pattern. Low classification confidence for an unseen pattern means that the classification of that pattern is not very clear compared to that with high classification confidence. Then we focus on the minimum cl...

We calculate the c-axis kinetic energy difference between normal and super-conducting state for coherent and for incoherent interlayer coupling between CuO 2 planes. For coherent coupling the ratio of the missing conductivity spectral weight to the superfluid density is equal to one and there is no violation of the conventional sum rule, but for the incoherent case we find it is always greater ...

Osteochondral fracture (OCF) in the weight-bearing surface of the lateral femoral condyle, associated with patellar dislocation, is an uncommon lesion. We report three cases of acute lateral patellar dislocation with large OCF in the weight-bearing portion of the lateral femoral condyle. In patients with lateral patella dislocation or lateral femoral condyle OCF, careful physical examination, r...

The "dead donor rule" is increasingly under attack for several reasons. First, there has long been disagreement about whether there is a correct or coherent definition of "death." Second, it has long been clear that the concept and ascertainment of "brain death" is medically flawed. Third, the requirement stands in the way of improving organ supply by prohibiting organ removal from patients who...

Voting systems typically treat all voters equally. We argue that perhaps they should not: Voters who have supported good choices in the past should be given higher weight than voters who have supported bad ones. To develop a formal framework for desirable weighting schemes, we draw on no-regret learning. Specifically, given a voting rule, we wish to design a weighting scheme such that applying ...

Although marginally more complicated than the traditional Laplace sum-rules, Gaussian sum-rules have the advantage of being able to probe excited and ground states with similar sensitivity. Gaussian sum-rule analysis techniques are applied to the problematic scalar glueball channel to determine masses, widths and relative resonance strengths of low-lying scalar glueball states contributing to t...

We introduce a finite class of weighted quadrature rules with the weight function |x|−2a exp −1/x2 on −∞,∞ as ∫−∞|x|−2a exp −1/x2 f x dx ∑n i 1 wif xi Rn f , where xi are the zeros of polynomials orthogonal with respect to the introduced weight function, wi are the corresponding coefficients, andRn f is the error value. We show that the above formula is valid only for the finite values of n. In...

Cortical algorithms (CA) inspired by and modeled after the human cortex, have shown superior accuracy in few machine learning applications. However, CA have not been extensively implemented for speech recognition applications, in particular the Arabic language. Motivated to apply CA to Arabic speech recognition, we present in this paper an improved CA that is efficiently trained using an entrop...