This paper presents a study of run-up/overtopping over smooth impermeable dike with promenade using 2D and 3D mesh-based mesh-free numerical models results from physical modelling for strong energetic incident waves. These waves induce plunging wave breaking complex water/air mixture turbulent flow before overtopped the dike, challenging configuration models. The analysis is structured in two p...

Objective: To investigate whether asthma or its treatment impairs children’s growth, after allowing for socioeconomic group. Design: 4 year follow up of a cohort of children aged 1-15. Setting: 12 general practices in the Tayside region of Scotland. Subjects: 3347 children with asthma or features suggestive of asthma registered with the general practices. Main outcome measures: Height and weigh...

Osteoporosis in childhood is uncommon, and it may be secondary to a spectrum of diverse conditions. Idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis is a primary osteoporosis of unknown aetiology present in previously well children and is a diagnosis of exclusion. We describe a 10-year-old prepubertal boy who presented with back pain of 1-week duration. His spinal X-ray showed generalised loss of vertebral bod...

Remotely-sensed estimates of forest biomass are usually based on various measurements of canopy height, area, volume or texture, as derived from LiDAR, radar or fine spatial resolution imagery. These measurements are then calibrated to estimates of stand biomass that are primarily based on tree stem diameters. Although humid tropical forest seasonality can have low amplitudes compared with temp...

BACKGROUND This study was designed to investigate the relation between health-related physical fitness and weight status in Hong Kong adolescents. METHODS 3,204 students aged 12-18 years participated in the Hong Kong Student Obesity Surveillance (HKSOS) project in 2006-2007. Anthropometric measures (height, weight) and health-related fitness (push-up, sit-up, sit-and-reach, 9-minute run) were...