The relativistic time dilatation effect and Einstein's second postulate of special relativity are used to analyse train/embankment thought expriments, both Einstein's original one, and an extension where observers on two trains moving at different speeds, as well as on the embankment, are considered. Whereas the relativistic analysis of Einstein's experiment shows, in contradiction to Einstein'...

In 1802 Gottfried Reinhold Treviranus announced the birth of a new scientific discipline. He called it “biology,” the science whose aim was to determine the conditions and laws under which the different forms of life exist and their causes. Treviranus was not alone in forging the outlines of the new science of life. He was in fact consciously synthesizing discussions that had been going on for ...

We investigated grapheme–colour synaesthesia and found that: (1) The induced colours led to perceptual grouping and pop-out, (2) a grapheme rendered invisible through ‘crowding’ or lateral masking induced synaesthetic colours — a form of blindsight — and (3) peripherally presented graphemes did not induce colours even when they were clearly visible. Taken collectively, these and other experimen...

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