The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is a characteristic response to inflammation and can be inhibited with sodium salicylate. We used the cytokine-induced iNOS induction in cardiac fibroblasts as a model system in which to test the hypothesis that effects on mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) may explain the mechanism by which salicylate exerts its anti-inflammatory ...

Aspirin, acetyl salicylic acid, damages gastric mucosal cells. This effect is considered related to its inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. On the other hand, sodium salicylate has been reported to be cytoprotective against drug damage to gastric mucosa in vivo. One reason for this difference is that salicylic acid, unlike acetyl salicylic acid does not inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by gas...

While salicylates are among the most frequently prescribed drugs, methods for their determination in blood have been neither sufficiently sensitive nor precise. Brodie, Udenfriend, and Coburn (1) have devised a procedure suitable for the clinical measurement of blood salicylate levels if large doses are given. In their method the salicylate is extracted from acidified plasma with ethylene dichl...

In the bacterial degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), salicylate hydroxylases catalyze essential reactions at the junction between the so-called upper and lower catabolic pathways. Unlike the salicylate 1-hydroxylase from pseudomonads, which is a well-characterized flavoprotein, the enzyme found in sphingomonads appears to be a three-component Fe-S protein complex, which so f...

The mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory properties of salicylate are not well understood. In particular, while salicylate inhibits prostaglandin production in vivo it only weakly inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 or -2 activity in vitro. Thus, it has often been suggested that in vivo salicylate may inhibit the expression rather than the activity of COX, particularly COX-2. Using a model o...

Chemotactic cytokines, chemokines, have been shown to influence the proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. Thus, regulation of chemokine production by bone marrow accessory cells is a critical aspect of stromal cell regulation of hematopoiesis. We have previously reported that monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1 or MCP-1/JE) and interferon inducible protein 10 kD (IP-10) are both in...

The toxicity of Cd2+ in Escherichia coli K-12 was potentiated by salicylate and several related compounds. The efficiency of plating on Luria broth plates was reduced by more than 10(5)-fold when 10 mM salicylate and 200 microM CdCl2 were present simultaneously but was unaffected when either compound was present by itself. Synergistic effects were found at pH 7.4 with certain other weak acids (...

The ability to acquire iron from the extracellular environment is a key determinant of pathogenicity in mycobacteria. Mycobacterium tuberculosis acquires iron exclusively via the siderophore mycobactin T, the biosynthesis of which depends on the production of salicylate from chorismate. Salicylate production in other bacteria is either a two-step process involving an isochorismate synthase (cho...

Limited studies indicate increased free fraction of valproic acid in uremia. One study also described displacement of valproic acid from protein binding by salicylate in children with epilepsy. The authors studied in vitro interaction of valproic acid and salicylate in uremic sera and compared their results with same interactions in normal sera. As expected, the concentrations of free valproic ...

Forty-four adults with aspirin poisoning were treated with oral fluids only, standard forced alkaline diuresis, forced diuresis alone, or sodium bicarbonate (alkali) alone. Alkali alone was at least as effective and possibly more effective than forced alkaline diuresis in enhancing salicylate removal. Unlike the diuresis regimens it did not cause fluid retention or biochemical disturbances. The...