The performance function of GPC algorithm is restructured as PID type. PID type GPC is designed in two cases; the first is a dual-rate (DR) system, where the sampling interval of a plant output is an integer multiple of the holding interval of a control input, and the second is a fast-rate single-rate (FR-SR) system, where both the holding and sampling intervals are equal to the holding interva...

BACKGROUND Surveillance designed to detect changes in the type-specific distribution of HPV in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN-3) is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the Australian vaccination programme on cancer causing HPV types. This paper develops a protocol that eliminates the need to calculate required sample size; sample size is difficult to calculate in advance...

In this paper we advance the line of research launched by Knuth which was later improved by Chen for predicting the size of the search tree expanded by heuristic search algorithms such as IDA*. Chen’s Stratified Sampling (SS) uses a partition of the nodes in the search tree called type system to guide its sampling. Recent work has shown that SS using type systems based on integer-valued heurist...

Random sampling is an efficient method to deal with constrained optimization problems in computational geometry. In a first step, one finds the optimal solution subject to a random subset of the constraints; in many cases, the expected number of constraints still violated by that solution is then significantly smaller than the overall number of constraints that remain. This phenomenon can be ex...

The Grade of Membership (GoM) model is a hierarchical mixed-membership model used to characterize underlying latent classes based on categorical data. When using GoM models to analyze survey data, the sampling design needs to be appropriately modeled. Linear mixed-effect models (LME’s) easily model the stratification and clustering in sampling designs. This paper introduces a modification of th...

Social stigma, legal sanctions and the associated lack of sampling frames create barriers to the probabilistic sampling of those engaged in a variety of behaviour, including illicit drug use. We used a novel sampling approach to recruit respondents into a longitudinal study examining amphetamine-type stimulant use. A young adult population was screened for lifetime drug use to create a sampling...

1. Compared to traditional radio-collars, global positioning system (GPS) collars provide finer spatial resolution and collect locations across a broader range of spatial and temporal conditions. However, data from GPS collars are biased because vegetation and terrain interfere with the satellite signals necessary to acquire a location. Analyses of habitat selection generally proceed without co...