The Bayon temple in Angkor Thom, Cambodia has shown serious deterioration and is subject to the formation of various pigmented biofilms. Because biofilms are damaging the bas-reliefs, low reliefs engraved on the surface of sandstone, information about the microbial community within them is indispensable to control biofilm colonization. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis...

The economic function of the wetlands and marshes Ard Maysan region is laid out through a multi-disciplinary approach. Ethnographic comparisons, historical archaeological evidence, presence three crucial Sasanian urban centres confirm existence relationships between diverse range communities. Still unclear development maritime trade this re-assessment significance hints at large-scale trading b...

This study is devoted to the issue of tax reliefs on example Act 9 June 2022 amending personal income and certain other acts, commonly known as Polish Deal 2.0. legal act became legislator’s response numerous errors ambiguities groundbreaking change in system – Deal. The new regulations were ensure durability, consistency, transparency solutions. Legislative efforts also intended serve this pur...


 This contribution discusses two relief depictions, which follow the works of Greek master Lysippus. One partially preserved reliefs, depicting a youth in motion, characterised by lock hair on front has been hitherto literature differently interpreted; Josip Korošec explained it as Kairos. The depictions that deity share above front, nakedness, posture, and scales, attached to cords could...

After the Arab-Muslim conquest (c. 650 CE), what we know of Middle Persian literacy in territory known as Ērānsahr is still little documented. Precisely, there evidence about linguistic developments during first two centuries but for an extract allegedly written by ibn al-Muqaffa. Most scholars’ debate on this passage based studied – mainly, inscriptions found south western part Sasanian empire...

Abstract This paper discusses the scarce, but crucial evidence for plaster reliefs in Constantinople between ninth and thirteenth centuries. While many survived Balkan peninsula, there is room to confirm that they were also used capital. Plaster a quick substitution marble, could answer aesthetic needs architectural conventions continued from Late Antiquity Middle Byzantine architecture, even w...