Environmental aesthetics includes some features of natural and artificial beauty which, apart from its importance as one of subfields of philosophy, can play a role in reforming and upgrading of human relation with nature and thus this can have constructive influences on environmental ethics. This is one of the possibilities of philosophy, and also this is a way to show more attention to the va...

Background and Objective:  Pain and sickness are undeniable facts in the material life. This study was aimed to evaluate Imam Sadjad's points of view about sickness. We would like to know if sickness can be an enjoyable or disgusting phenomenon.  Materials and Methods:  With respect to the objectives of our study, research material comprised of Imam Sadjad trainings and Sahife Sajadieh worships...

1.1 introduction “i see translation as the attempt to produce a text so transparent that it does not seem to be translated. a good translation is like a pane of glass. you only notice that it’s there when there are little imperfections- scratches, bubbles. ideally, there shouldn’t be any. it should never call attention to itself.” “norman shapiro” (venuti, 1995:1) edward fitzgerald is the br...