Although many researchers have examined knowledge building in traditional settings and distance learning, few have examined middle school students' building of mathematical knowledge using mobile phones. The present study uses two wellknown models of knowledge building to carry out the examination: the interactive analysis model of knowledge building phases developed by Gunawardena, Lowe and An...

∗Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; ‡Wisconsin Surgical Outcomes Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; §Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health...

One of the subjects in solar water heater design is considering distribution of hot water consumption during the day. For example, each of the household, commercial, office, school, and industrial consumptions have a particular distribution of hot water consumption named pattern in this article. In solar computation principles, the effect of longitude, latitude, and altitude on collector angle ...