Scientific research in health sciences aims to enhance knowledge about diseases and attempt to find better and newer diagnostic and therapeutic tools. With economic growth worldwide, the number of published scientific papers is exponentially increasing.1 For the practicing clinician, it is important to be able to analyze and comprehend healthcare evidence in the shortest possible time. With the...

Iran is growing fast in production of science and technology in the world. Based on experts' opinion and reports of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), SCImago Journal and Country Rank, and Scopus it is concluded that the scientific field of Pharmacology Toxicology Pharmaceutics in Iran is growing very fast with great impact on the country science growth. Regarding various elements ...

Scientific productivity of middle income countries correlates stronger with present and future wealth than indices reflecting its financial, social, economic or technological sophistication. We identify the contribution of the relative productivity of different scientific disciplines in predicting the future economic growth of a nation. Results show that rich and poor countries differ in the re...

Scientific knowledge and technical expertise promote the wealth of nations. The traditional view is that science allows the expansion of technology, which, in turn, promotes economic development. This chapter shows that: 1) the scientific productivity of a country correlates more strongly with gross national income per capita than its technological sophistication; 2) science is important for ec...

The growth of the "positive psychology" movement reflects increased scientific and lay interest in the relation of positive phenomena to mental and physical health and the corresponding potential for interventions that promote positive feelings, thoughts, and experiences to improve health and well-being. In this article, we (1) consider research on optimism, sense of coherence, and posttraumati...

Research impact is increasingly evaluated by quantitative analysis of citations, such as the h-index or conference impact factor. However, little attention has been given to understanding the patterns of influence and dependence that exist between groups of scientific communities. We propose that an analysis of inter-community influence offers valuable insights into how scientific communities e...

Modern societies depend on a growing production of scientific knowledge, which is based on the functional differentiation of science into still more specialised scientific disciplines and subdisciplines. This is the basis for the paradox of scientific expertise: The growth of science leads to a fragmentation of scientific expertise. To resolve this paradox, the present paper investigates three ...

The distribution of scientific citations for publications selected with different rules (author, topic, institution, country, journal, etc…) collapse on a single curve if one plots the citations relative to their mean value. We find that the distribution of "shares" for the Facebook posts rescale in the same manner to the very same curve with scientific citations. This finding suggests that cit...

D uring the past decade the method of functional cranial analysis has been developed in our laboratory. The basic postulates and the experimental and clinical supporting data have been published extensively elsewhere.4-“Y The orthodontic specialty recently became aware of this analytical technique, with particular interest being expressed in the derivat,i\-e concept of the Jurrctionul matrix. I...

امروزه مباحث اخلاق علم و پایبندی به هنجارهای علمی به عنوان مهم­ترین رکن جامعه­پذیری دانشگاهی مورد توجه اندیشمندان و صاحب­نظران قرار گرفته است. با توجه به اهمیت اخلاق و هنجارهای علمی در جامعه دانشگاهی، در این مطالعه به بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر میزان پایبندی به هنجارهای علم پرداخته شده است. این پژوهش از نوع  پیمایش بوده و داده­های تحقیق با استفاده از تکنیک پرسشنامه جمع­آوری گردیده است. جامعه آماری شام...