Fiore and Hur [10] recently introduced a conservative extension of universal algebra and equational logic from first to second order. Second-order universal algebra and second-order equational logic respectively provide a model theory and a formal deductive system for languages with variable binding and parameterised metavariables. This work completes the foundations of the subject from the vie...

We present a new class of second-order uniication problems, which we have called linear. We deal with completely general second-order typed uniication problems, but we restrict the set of uniiers under consideration: they instantiate free variables by linear terms, i.e. terms where any-abstractions bind one and only one occurrence of a bound variable. Linear second-order uniication properly ext...

This paper discusses how numerically imprecise information can be modelled and how a risk evaluation process can be elaborated by integrating procedures for numerically imprecise probabilities and utilities. More recently, representations and methods for stating and analysing probabilities and values (utilities) with belief distributions over them (second order representations) have been sugges...

Drawing on a systematic content analysis, this article examines how far television news bulletins with different levels of public service obligations reported the EU and local elections in 2009 and the local elections in 2013. The aim is to compare coverage on the main evening terrestrial bulletins in the United Kingdom (the BBC, ITV, Channel 4 and Channel 5) during different types of second or...

We present two axiomatizations of the Second-Order Expected Utility model in the context of the standard models of choice under uncertainty.

This text attempts to describe an imagined future of ambient intelligence. It assumes that one day most of the current issues within ambient intelligence will be solved and that a second order ambient intelligence will be formulated, one with new research agendas. It describes several topics and ideas that might be part of this agenda and surmises on the prerequisites for this change.

recently, extracts from various parts of a. occidentale had been massively investigated in themanagement and treatment of various ailments which include but not limited to diabetes, malaria,yellow fever as well as diarrhea. stem bark of anacardium occidentale was extracted with water andethanol. antioxidant activities of the extracts were using dpph. for estimation of effectivediffusivity, math...

In this paper we use the method of upper and lower solutions to study multivalued Sturm{Liouville and periodic boundary value problems , with Caratheodory orientor eld. We prove two existence theorems. One when the orientor eld F (t; x; y) is convex{valued and the other when F (t; x; y) is nonconvex valued. Finally we show that the \convex" problem has extremal solutions in the order interval d...

We consider second-order linear time-invariant systems. The objective of this paper is to present a new method for constructing a reduced system by preserving the second-order structure of the original system. This new model reduction method uses a variant of the well-known balanced truncation technique applied to second-order gramians. We also compare it with another existing technique. © 2004...

An artificial Ant Colony System (ACS) algorithm to solve generalpurpose combinatorial Optimization Problems (COP) that extends previous AC models [21] by the inclusion of a negative pheromone, is here described. Several Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) were used as benchmark. We show that by using two different sets of pheromones, a second-order coevolved compromise between positive and negativ...